وَالصَّلَوَاتُand the prayersالْخَمْسُfiveأَعْظَمُare greaterوَأَجَلُّand more significantمِنْthanصِيَامِthe fastingيَوْمِof the dayعَرَفَةَof Arafahوَيَوْمِand the dayعَاشُورَاءَof Ashura,,وَهِيَand theyإِنَّمَاonlyتُكَفِّرُexpiateمَاwhatبَيْنَهَاis between them
And the five daily prayers are greater and more significant than the fasting of the Day of Arafah and the Day of Ashura, for they only expiate what is between them.
(۱)(1)إِذَاifاجْتَنَبْتَavoidedالْكَبَائِرَthe major sins
(1) if the major sins are avoided.
(۲)(2)
(2)
فَرَمَضَانُThen RamadanإِلَىtoرَمَضَانَRamadanوَandالْجُمُعَةُthe Fridayإِلَىtoالْجُمُعَةِthe Fridayلَاcannotيَقْوَىstrengthenعَلَىuponتَكْفِيرِexpiationالصُّغَائِرِof the minor sins
Then Ramadan to Ramadan and Friday to Friday cannot strengthen the expiation of the minor sins.
(٤)(4)إِلَّاexceptمَعَwithانْضِمَامِthe combinationتَرْكِof avoidingالْكَبَائِرِthe major sinsإِلَيْهَاto it
(4) except with the combination of avoiding the major sins.
فَيَقْوَىThus it can strengthenمَجْمُوعُthe totalالأَمْرَيْنِof both matters
Thus it can strengthen the total of both matters.
(٤)(4)عَلَىuponتَكْفِيرِthe expiationالصُّغَائِرِof the minor sins
upon the expiation of the minor sins.
فَكَيْفَSo howيُكَفِّرُcan it expiateصَوْمُthe fasting ofيَوْمِthe dayتَطَوُّعٍof voluntary fastingكُلَّallكَبِيرَةٍthe major sinsعَمَلَهَاthat he commitsالْعَبْدُthe servant,,وَهُوَand he isمُصِرٌّinsistentعَلَيْهَاupon it,,غَيْرَnotتَائِبٍrepentantمِنْهَاfrom it؟?
So how can the fasting of a voluntary day expiate all the major sins the servant has committed while being insistent upon them, without repenting from them?
هَذَاThisمُحَالٌis impossibleعَلَىwhileأَنَّهُit isلَاnotيَمْتَنِعُforbiddenأَنْfor it to beيَكُونَpossibleصَوْمُthe fastingيَوْمِof the dayعَرَفَةَof Arafah,,وَيَوْمِand the dayعَاشُورَاءَof Ashuraمُكَفِّرًاis expiatingلِكُلِّfor allذُنُوبٍsinsالْعَامِof the yearعَلَىonعُمُومِهِthe whole.،,
This is impossible while it is not forbidden for the fasting of the Day of Arafah and the Day of Ashura to expiate all the sins of the year in general.
وَيَكُونُAnd it can beمِنْofنُصُوصِthe textsالْوَعِيدِof the punishment,,الَّتِيthatلَهَاhaveشُرُوطٌconditionsوَمَوَانِعُand impediments.
And it can be from the texts of the punishment that have conditions and impediments.
وَيَكُونُAnd it isإِصْرَارُهُthe insistenceعَلَىuponالْكَبَائِرِthe major sinsمَانِعًاan impedimentمِنْtoالتَّكْفِيرِthe expiation.
And the insistence upon the major sins is an impediment to the expiation.
فَإِذَاSo ifلَمْnotيُصِرَّinsistعَلَىuponالْكَبَائِرِthe major sinsتُسَاعِدُwill helpالصِّيَامُthe fastingوَعَدَمُand nonالإِصْرَارِinsistenceوَتَعَاوَنَاand cooperateعَلَىonعُمُومِthe totalالتَّكْفِيرِof atonementكَمَاasكَانَit wasرَمَضَانُRamadanوَالصَّلَوَاتُand the prayers
So if he does not insist on the major sins, the fasting and a lack of insistence will help and cooperate on the total expiation, just as it was with Ramadan and the prayers.
صَوْمُThe fastingيَوْمِof the dayعَرَفَةَof Arafah,,فَقَالَhe said::يُكَفِّرُexpiatesالسَّنَةَthe yearالْمَاضِيَةَpastوَالْبَاقِيَةَand remaining.
The fasting of the Day of Arafah, he said: it expiates the past and remaining year.
قَالَHe said:وَسُئِلَAnd he was askedعَنْaboutصَوْمِthe fastingيَوْمِof the DayعَاشُورَاءَAshuraفَقَالَhe said:::يُكَفِّرُexpiatesالسَّنَةَthe yearالْمَاضِيَةَpastالْحَدِيثُThe Hadith.،,أُخْرِجَReported byمُسْلِمٌMuslimفِيinالصِّيَامِfasting,,بَابُchapterاسْتِحْبَابِthe recommendationصَوْمِof fastingثَلاثَةَthreeأَيَّامٍdaysمِنْfromكُلِّeveryشَهْرٍmonthوَصَوْمِand fastingيَوْمِthe dayعَرَفَةَof Arafahوَعَاشُورَاءَand Ashura...,,,.
He said he was asked about the fasting of the Day of Ashura, then he said: it expiates the past year. The Hadith was reported by Muslim in the chapter regarding the recommendation of fasting three days from every month and the fasting of the Day of Arafah and Ashura.
(١١٦٢)(1162).
(1162).
(۱)(1)كَيْفَThusفِيinسS،,خَاKha.وَفِيAnd inغَيْرِهِمَاothers.مَا بَيْنَهُمْbetween them.
(1) Thus is it in S, Kha. And in others, it reads 'what is between them.'
وَوَقَعَAnd it is foundفِيinزZ:«مَا 'Whatيُكَفِّرُexpiates,فَزَادَsome addedبَعْضُهُمْsome of themفَوْقَaboveالسَّطْرِthe line::«إِلَّا'except'.لِتَسْتَقِيمَto be correctالْمَعْنَىthe meaning.
And it is found in Z: 'what expiates,' and some added above the line: 'except' for the meaning to be correct.
(٢)(2)كَمَاAsجَاءَcameفِيinحَدِيثِthe narrationأَبِيof AbuهُرَيْرَةَHurairaرَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُmay Allah be pleased with him.::أَنَّthatرَسُولَ اللَّهِthe Messenger of Allah ﷺ(peace be upon him) was saying:الصَّلَوَاتُthe prayersالْخَمْسُthe fiveوَالْجُمُعَةُand the Fridayإِلَىtoالْجُمُعَةِthe Fridayوَرَمَضَانُand RamadanإِلَىtoرَمَضَانَRamadanمُكَفِّرَاتٌare atonementsمَاfor whatبَيْنَهُنَّis between themإِذَاifاجْتَنَبَone avoidsالْكَبَائِرَthe major sins.أُخْرِجَIt was reported byمُسْلِمٌMuslimفِيinالطَّهَارَةِpurity,,بَابُChapterالصَّلَوَاتِthe prayersالْخَمْسِthe fiveوَالْجُمُعَةِand Fridayإِلَىtoالْجُمُعَةِthe Friday
(2) As came in the narration of Abu Huraira may Allah be pleased with him: that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was saying: 'The five daily prayers, and the Friday prayer to the Friday prayer, and Ramadan to Ramadan are atonements for what is between them if one avoids the major sins.' It was reported by Muslim in the chapter of purity.
(٣)(3)مَاWhatبَيْنَis betweenالْحَاصِرَتَيْنِthe two parentheses.
(3) What is between the parentheses.
(٤)(4)زZ:مَجْمُوعٌthe totalالاof the affairs.الأَمْرُthe matter.
(4) Z: the total of the affairs.
(٥)(5)سS: صَوْمُthe fastingعَرَفَةَof Arafah.
(5) S: the fasting of Arafah.
(٦)(6)زZ, خَاKha: «الْوَعِيدُthe punishment»،, خَطَأٌis an error.
(6) Z, Kha: 'the punishment,' is an error.