قَالَHeقَالَsaid
He said
جَمِيلُJamilبْنُibnبِصْبَهْرِيّBisbahriإِيَّاكَBewareأَنْthatتَصْحَبَyou accompanyالسُّلْطَانَthe rulerبِالْجُرْأَةِwith boldnessعَلَيْهِagainst himوَالتَّقْصِيرِand failingفِيinالْمَعْرِفَةِknowingبِقَدْرِهِhis worthوَالتَّهَاوُنِand slightingبِأَمْرِهِhis command
Jamil ibn Bisbahri said: Beware of accompanying the ruler with boldness toward him, failing to recognize his worth, and slighting his command.
وَلْتَكُنْand letصُحْبَتُكَyour companionshipلَهُwith himبِالْحَذَرِbe with cautionوَشِدَّةِand extremeالتَّوَقِّيvigilanceكَمَاjust asتَصْحَبُyou accompanyالْأَسَدَthe fierceالضَّارِيَlionوَالْفِيلَand the enragedالْمُغْتَلِمَelephantوَالْأَفْعَىand the deadlyالْقَاتِلَةَviper
and let your companionship with him be with caution and extreme vigilance, just as you accompany the fierce lion, the enraged elephant, and the deadly viper.
وَلَاand do notتَصْحَبِaccompanyالصَّدِيقَthe friendإِلَّاexceptبِالتَّوَاضُعِwith humilityوَلِينِand gentlenessالْجَانِبِof side
and do not accompany the friend except with humility and gentleness of side.
وَاصْحَبِand accompanyالْعَدُوَّthe enemyبِالْحُجَّةِwith proofفِيمَاin whatبَيْنَكَis between youوَبَيْنَهُand himوَالْإِعْذَارِand justificationعَلَيْهِagainst him
and accompany the enemy with proof in what is between you and him and justification against him.
وَاصْحَبِand accompanyالْعَامَّةَthe general publicبِالْبِرِّwith righteousnessوَالْبِشْرِand good cheerالْحَسَنِand fine
and accompany the general public with righteousness and good cheer.
وَقَدْand indeedقِيلَit has been saidسَبْعُsevenغُشُومٍtyrantsخَيْرٌare betterمِنْthanوَالٍa governorظَلُومٍoppressive
And it has been said: Seven tyrants are better than an oppressive governor.
وَحَدَّثَنَاand narrated to usإِسْمَاعِيلُIsmailبْنُibnأَبِيAbiخَالِدٍKhalidقَالَwho said
And Ismail ibn Abi Khalid narrated to us, saying:
أُتِيَthere was broughtالْوَلِيدُAl-WalidبْنُibnعَبْدِAbdالْمَلِكِal-Malikبِرَجُلٍa manمِنَfromالْخَوَارِجِthe Khawarijوَعِنْدَهُwhile with him wasعُمَرُUmarبْنُibnعَبْدِAbdالْعَزِيزِal-Azizوَخَالِدُand Khalidبْنُibnالرَّيَّانِal-Rayyan
Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik was brought a man from the Khawarij, while Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz and Khalid ibn al-Rayyan were with him.
فَقَالَso saidلَهُto himالْوَلِيدُAl-Walidمَاwhatتَقُولُdo you sayفِيconcerningأَبِيAbuبَكْرٍBakr
Al-Walid said to him: What do you say concerning Abu Bakr?
قَالَhe saidصَاحِبُthe companion ofنَبِيِّthe prophet ofاللَّهِGodفِيinالْغَارِthe caveوَثَانِيand the second ofاثْنَيْنِtwoرَحِمَهُmay Allah have mercy on himاللَّهُGodوَغَفَرَand forgiveلَهُhim
He said: The companion of the Prophet of God in the cave and the second of two, may God have mercy on him and forgive him.
قَالَhe saidفَمَاthen whatتَقُولُdo you sayفِيconcerningعُمَرَUmar
He said: Then what do you say concerning Umar?
قَالَhe saidهُوَhe isالْفَارُوقُAl-Faruqرَحِمَهُmay Allah have mercy on himاللَّهُGodوَغَفَرَand forgiveلَهُhim
He said: He is Al-Faruq, may God have mercy on him and forgive him.
قَالَhe saidفَمَاthen whatتَقُولُdo you sayفِيconcerningعُثْمَانَUthman
He said: Then what do you say concerning Uthman?
قَالَhe saidكَانَhe wasسُنَيَّاتٍfor a few yearsمِنْofخِلَافَتِهِhis caliphateمُلَازِماًadhering toلِلْعَدْلِjustice
He said: For a few years of his caliphate he adhered to justice.
قَالَhe saidفَمَاthen whatتَقُولُdo you sayفِيconcerningمَرْوَانَMarwanبْنِibnالْحَكَمِal-Hakam
He said: Then what do you say concerning Marwan ibn al-Hakam?
قَالَhe saidلَعَنَmay curseاللَّهُGodذَاكَthat one
He said: May God curse that one.
قَالَhe saidفَمَاthen whatتَقُولُdo you sayفِيconcerningعَبْدِAbdالْمَلِكِal-Malik
He said: Then what do you say concerning Abd al-Malik?
قَالَhe saidذَلِكَthat isابْنُthe son ofذَاكَthat oneلَعَنَmay curseاللَّهُGodذَاكَthat one
He said: That is the son of that one, may God curse that one.
قَالَhe saidفَمَاthen whatتَقُولُdo you sayفِيَّconcerning me
He said: Then what do you say concerning me?
قَالَhe saidبُنَيُّlittle son ofذَيْنِكَthose twoوَأَنْتَand you areشَرُّthe worst ofالثَّلَاثَةِthe three
He said: The little son of those two, and you are the worst of the three.
فَقَالَso saidيَاOعُمَرُUmarمَاwhatتَقُولُdo you sayفِيمَاconcerning whatتَسْمَعُyou hear
So he said: O Umar, what do you say concerning what you hear?
قَالَhe saidيَاOأَمِيرَCommander ofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe Faithfulمَاnoneأَحَدُoneأَعْلَمُis more knowledgeableبِهَذَاof thisمِنْكَthan youوَأَنْتَand you areأَعْلَىhigherبِهِin itعَيْناًas an eye
He said: O Commander of the Faithful, no one is more knowledgeable of this than you, and you are better aware of it.
فَأَلَحَّso he insistedعَلَيْهِupon himوَاللَّهِby Allahلَتَقُولَنَّyou will surely say
So he insisted upon him: By Allah, you will surely say.
فَقَالَso he saidأَمَّاas forإِذَاwhenأَبَيْتَyou refuseيَاOأَمِيرَCommander ofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe FaithfulإِلَّاexceptأَنْthatأَقُولَI sayفَسُبَّthen curseإِيَّاهُhimكَمَاjust asسَبَّhe cursedإِيَّاكَyouوَأَنْand thatتَعْفُوَyou pardonأَقْرَبُis closerلِلتَّقْوَىto piety
So he said: As for when you refuse, O Commander of the Faithful, except that I should speak, then curse him just as he cursed you, and your pardoning is closer to piety.
قَالَhe saidلَيْسَthere is notإِلَّاexceptهَذَاthis
He said: There is nothing except this.
قَالَhe saidلَاnoيَاOأَمِيرَCommander ofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe Faithfulإِلَّاexceptأَنْthatتُدْخِلَكَdrives youجَبْرِيَّةٌtyrannyفَأَمَّاas forالْحَقُّthe truthفَلَيْسَthen there is notإِلَّاexceptهَذَاthis
He said: No, O Commander of the Faithful, unless tyranny drives you, but as for the truth, there is nothing except this.
فَالْتَفَتَthen he turnedإِلَىtoخَالِدِKhalidبْنِibnالرَّيَّانِal-Rayyanوَهُوَwhile he wasقَائِمٌstandingعَلَىatرَأْسِهِhis head
Then he turned to Khalid ibn al-Rayyan while he was standing at his head.
ثُمَّthenقَامَhe stood upوَهُوَwhile he wasغَضْبَانُangry
Then he stood up while he was angry.
فَقَالَso saidخَالِدٌKhalidوَاللَّهِby AllahيَاOعُمَرُUmarلَقَدْindeedنَظَرَlookedإِلَيَّat meأَمِيرُthe Commander ofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe Faithfulنَظْرَةًwith a lookظَنَنْتُI thoughtأَنَّهُthat heسَيَأْمُرُنِيwould command meبِضَرْبِto strikeعُنُقِكَyour neck
So Khalid said: By Allah, O Umar, the Commander of the Faithful looked at me with a look that I thought he would command me to strike your neck.
قَالَhe saidوَلَوْand even ifأَمَرَكَhe commanded youكُنْتَwould youتَفْعَلُdo it
He said: And even if he commanded you, would you do it?
قَالَhe saidإِيyesوَاللَّهِby Allah
He said: Yes, by Allah.
قَالَhe saidأَمَّاas forإِنَّهُitكَانَwould beيَكُونُbeingشَرّاًevilلَكُمَاfor both of youوَخَيْراًand goodلِيfor me
He said: As for that, it would have been an evil for both of you and a good for me.
ثُمَّthenسَكَتَhe kept silentعَنْهُabout himوَبَقِيَand remainedذَلِكَthatفِيinقَلْبِهِhis heart
Then he kept silent about him, and that remained in his heart.
فَلَمَّاso whenقَامَaroseالْوَلِيدُAl-Walidمِنْfromمَجْلِسِهِhis assemblyدَخَلَhe enteredعَلَىuponامْرَأَتِهِhis wifeأُمِّUmmالْبَنِينَal-Baninبِنْتِdaughter ofعَبْدِAbdالْعَزِيزِal-Azizوَهِيَand she wasأُخْتُthe sister ofعُمَرَUmarفَقَالَso he saidأَخُوكِyour brotherالْحَرُورِيُّthe Haruriوَاللَّهِby AllahلَأَقْتُلَنَّهُI will surely kill him
So when Al-Walid arose from his assembly, he entered upon his wife Umm al-Banin daughter of Abd al-Aziz, who was the sister of Umar, and said: By Allah, your brother the Haruri, I will surely kill him.
فَمَكَثَso he stayedأَيَّاماًfor daysوَعُمَرُwhile Umar wasفِيinمَنْزِلِهِhis houseلَاnotيَحْضُرُattendingالْبَابَthe doorوَلَاand notيَلْتَمِسُseekingالْمَعْذِرَةَexcuse
So he stayed for days while Umar was in his house, not attending the door nor seeking an excuse.
فَأَتَاهُso came to himرَسُولُthe messenger ofالْوَلِيدِAl-Walidوَقْتَat the time ofالْقَائِلَةِthe midday restفَدَعَاهُand called him
The messenger of Al-Walid came to him at the time of the midday rest and called him.
فَلَمَّاso whenدَخَلَhe enteredمِنْthroughبَابِthe door ofالْقَصْرِthe palaceعَدَلَhe was divertedبِهِwith himإِلَىtoبَيْتٍa houseفَأُدْخِلَand he was made to enterفِيهِin itوَطُيِّنَand plastered overعَلَيْهِupon himالْبَابُthe door
So when he entered through the door of the palace, he was diverted to a house and made to enter it, and the door was plastered over him.
فَرَجَعَso returnedصَاحِبُthe companion ofدَابَّتِهِhis mountإِلَىtoأَهْلِهِhis familyفَأَخْبَرَهُمْand informed themفَأَخْبَرُواso they informedأُخْتَهُhis sisterبِذَلِكَof that
So the companion of his mount returned to his family and informed them, and they informed his sister of that.
فَبَحَثَتْso she searchedعَنْforخَبَرِهِhis newsفَلَمْand did notتَجِدْfindأَحَداًanyoneيُخْبِرُهَاto inform herبِخَبَرِهِof his newsوَذَلِكَand that wasيَوْمُthe day ofالثَّالِثِthe third
So she searched for news of him and did not find anyone to inform her of his news, and that was the third day.
فَقِيلَso it was saidلَهَاto herإِنَّindeedفُلاناًso-and-soالْخَصِيَّthe eunuchيَعْلَمُknowsعِلْمَهُhis matter
So it was said to her: Indeed, so-and-so the eunuch knows his matter.
فَأَرْسَلَتْso she sentإِلَيْهِto himفَأَعْلَمَهَاand he informed herبِمَوْضِعِهِof his location
So she sent to him, and he informed her of his location.
فَدَخَلَتْthen she enteredعَلَىuponالْوَلِيدِAl-Walidفَنَاشَدَتْهُand she implored him byاللَّهَAllahوَالرَّحِمَand kinshipوَقَبَّلَتْand kissedيَدَهُhis hand
Then she entered upon Al-Walid and implored him by Allah and kinship and kissed his hand.
فَقَالَso he saidقَدْindeedوَهَبْتُهُI have granted himلَكِto youإِنْifأَدْرَكْتِهِyou reach himحَيّاًaliveقَالَhe said
So he said: I have granted him to you if you reach him alive. He said:
فَفَتَحُواso they openedعَنْهُfrom himالْبَابَthe doorفَوَجَدُوهُand they found himقَدِto haveانْثَنَىtwistedعُنُقُهُhis neckفَحَمَلُوهُso they carried himإِلَىtoمَنْزِلِهِhis houseوَعَالَجُوهُand treated him
So they opened the door from him and found that his neck had twisted, so they carried him to his house and treated him.
فَلَمَّاso whenتُوُفِّيَpassed awayالْوَلِيدُAl-Walidوَكَانَand wasسُلَيْمَانُSulaymanبَعْدَهُafter himفَهَلَكَthen he perishedوَتَوَلَّىand assumedعُمَرُUmarالْخِلَافَةَthe caliphateجَاءَcameخَالِدُKhalidبْنُibnالرَّيَّانِal-Rayyanفِيonالْيَوْمِthe dayالَّذِيwhichاسْتُخْلِفَhe was made caliphفِيهِin itعُمَرُUmarرَحِمَهُmay Allah have mercy on himاللَّهُGodمُتَقَلِّداًgirdingسَيْفَهُhis sword
So when Al-Walid passed away, and Sulayman was after him, then he perished and Umar assumed the caliphate, Khalid ibn al-Rayyan came on the day in which Umar was made caliph, may God have mercy on him, girding his sword.
فَقَالَso saidلَهُto himعُمَرُUmarيَاOخَالِدُKhalidانْطَلِقْgoبِسَيْفِكَwith your swordهَذَاthisفَضَعْهُand place itفِيinبَيْتِكَyour houseوَاقْعُدْand sitفِيهِin itفَإِنَّهُfor indeedلَاnoحَاجَةَneedلَنَاfor usفِيكَin youأَنْتَyou areرَجُلٌa manإِذَاifأُمِرْتَyou are commandedبِشَيْءٍwith somethingفَعَلْتَهُyou do itلَاnotتَنْظُرُlookingلِدِينِكَto your religion
So Umar said to him: O Khalid, go with this sword of yours and place it in your house and sit in it, for indeed there is no need for us in you; you are a man who, if you are commanded with something, you do it without looking to your religion.
فَلَمَّاso whenوَلَّىhe turned awayخَالِدٌKhalidنَظَرَlookedعُمَرُUmarفِيatقَفَاهُhis backفَقَالَso saidاللَّهُمَّO AllahيَاOرَبِّLordإِنِّيindeed Iقَدْhaveوَضَعْتُهُplaced itلَكَfor Youفَلَاso do notتَرْفَعْهُraise itأَبَداًever
So when Khalid turned away, Umar looked at his back and said: O Allah, O Lord, indeed I have placed it for You, so do not ever raise it.
فَمَاso he did notلَبِثَlingerإِلَّاexceptجُمُعَةًa weekحَتَّىuntilضَرَبَهُstruck himالْفَالِجُhemiplegiaفَقَتَلَهُand killed him
So he did not linger except a week until hemiplegia struck him and killed him.
قَالَhe saidوَلَمَّاand whenقَالَتِsaidالتَّغْلِبِيَّةُthe Taghlibi womanلِلْجَحَّافِto Al-JahhafبْنِibnحَكِيمٍHakimفِيatوَقْعَةِthe battle ofالْبِشْرِAl-Bishrفَضَّmay shatterاللَّهُGodعِمَادَكَyour pillarوَأَطَالَand lengthenسَهَادَكَyour sleeplessnessوَسَلَبَكَand deprive you ofحَيَاتِكَyour life
He said: And when the Taghlibi woman said to Al-Jahhaf ibn Hakim at the battle of Al-Bishr: May God shatter your pillar, lengthen your sleeplessness, and deprive you of your life!
فَوَاللَّهِfor by Allahلَئِنْif indeedقَتَلْتَyou killedإِلَّاexceptنِسَاءًwomenكَالدُّمَىlike dollsأَوْorأَسَافِلُهُنَّtheir lower partsدُمَيٌّare dollsوَأَعَالِيهُنَّand their upper partsثُدَيٌّare small breasts
For by Allah, if you killed anyone it was only women like dolls, whose lower parts are dolls and whose upper parts are small breasts.
فَقَالَso saidلِمَنْto those whoحَوْلَهُwere around himلَوْلَاwere it not thatأَنْthatيَلِدَbearsمِنْهَاfrom herحَكِيمٌHakimلَخَلَّيْتُI would have releasedسَبِيلَهَاher way
So he said to those around him: Were it not that Hakim is born from her, I would have released her way.
فَبَلَغَso that reachedذَلِكَthatالْحَسَنَAl-Hasanالْبَصْرِيَّal-Basriفَقَالَso he saidإِنَّمَاtrulyالْجَحَّافُAl-Jahhafجَذْوَةٌis a burning brandمِنْfromنَارِthe fire ofجَهَنَّمَHell
So that reached Al-Hasan al-Basri, and he said: Truly Al-Jahhaf is a burning brand from the fire of Hell.
قِيلَit was saidوَلَمَّاand whenبَنَىbuiltزِيَادٌZiyadالْبَيْضَاءَAl-Baydaبِالْبَصْرَةِin Basraأَمَرَhe commandedأَصْحَابَهُhis companionsأَنْthatيَسْمَعُواthey listenمِنْtoأَفْوَاهِthe mouths ofالنَّاسِthe people
It was said: And when Ziyad built Al-Bayda in Basra, he commanded his companions to listen to the mouths of the people.
فَأُتِيَso there was broughtبِرَجُلٍa manقِيلَwho it was saidإِنَّهُthat heتَلَاrecitedأَتَبْنُونَDo you buildبِكُلِّon everyرِيعٍhigh placeآيَةًa signتَعْبَثُونَsportingوَتَتَّخِذُونَand you takeمَصَانِعَstructuresلَعَلَّكُمْso that perhaps youتَخْلُدُونَmight live forever
So there was brought a man who it was said recited: "Do you build on every high place a sign sporting, and you take structures so that perhaps you might live forever?"
فَقَالَso he saidمَاwhatدَعَاكَcalled youإِلَىtoهَذَاthis
So he said: What called you to this?
قَالَhe saidآيَةٌa verseمِنْfromكِتَابِthe Book ofاللَّهِGodعَزَّthe Mightyوَجَلَّand Majesticحَضَرَتْpresented itself
He said: A verse from the Book of God, the Mighty and Majestic, presented itself.
قَالَhe saidوَاللَّهِby AllahلَأَعْلَمَنَّI will surely make knownفِيكَconcerning youالْآيَةَthe verseالثَّانِيَةَsecond
He said: By Allah, I will surely make known concerning you the second verse:
وَإِذَاAnd whenبَطَشْتُمْyou seizeبَطَشْتُمْyou seizeجَبَّارِينَas tyrants
"And when you seize, you seize as tyrants."
فَأَمَرَso he commandedفَبُنِيَand there was builtعَلَيْهِover himرُكْنٌa pillarمِنْfromأَرْكَانِthe pillars ofالْقَصْرِthe palace
So he commanded, and a pillar from the pillars of the palace was built over him.