وَقَالَAnd he saidفِيinدُعَائِهِ:his supplication:
And he said in his supplication:
لَاdoes notيَنْفَعُbenefitذَاthe possessor ofالْجَدِّwealthمِنْكَfrom Youالْجَدُّ،wealth.
the possessor of wealth cannot benefit from you by his wealth,
بِفَتْحِwith the fatha ofالْجِيمِthe letter jeemالْغِنَىit means wealthوَالْحَظُّand fortuneفِيinالرِّزْقِ،sustenance,
with the jeem having a fatha it means wealth and fortune in sustenance,
وَمِنْهُand from itقِيلَ:it is said:
and from this it is said:
لِفُلَانٍfor so-and-soفِيinهَذَاthisالْأَمْرِmatterجَدٌّis fortuneإِذَاifكَانَhe wasمَرْزُوقاً.blessed with provision.
for so-and-so in this matter there is fortune if he is provided for.
وَقَالَ:And he said:
And he said:
إِنَّIndeedرُوحَthe spirit ofالْقُدُسِholinessنَفَثَinspiredفِيintoرُوعِيmy heart
Indeed the Holy Spirit inspired into my heart
أَنَّthatنَفْساًa soulلَاwill notتَمُوتُdieحَتَّىuntilتَسْتَوْفِيَit fulfillsأَوْorتَسْتَكْمِلَcompletesرِزْقَهَا،its provision,
that a soul will not die until it fulfills or completes its provision,
فَاتَّقُواso fearاللَّهَGodوَأَجْمِلُواand seek moderatelyفِيinالطَّلَبِ،seeking.
so fear God and seek moderately in provision,
قَوْلُهُhis sayingنَفَثَnafathaفِيinرُوعِيrooiبِضَمِّwith a damma onالرَّاءِ،the ra,
his saying nafatha fi rooi with a damma on the ra,
النَّفْثُan-nafthشَبِيهٌis similarبِالنَّفْخِ،to blowing,
an-nafth is similar to blowing,
وَرُوعِيand rooiيَقُولُhe meansفِيinخَلَدِي.my mind.
and rooi means in my mind.
وَقَالَ،And he said,عَلَيْهِupon himالسَّلَامُ:be peace:
And he, peace be upon him, said:
صُومُواFastلِرُؤْيَتِهِfor its sightingوَأَفْطِرُواand break fastلِرُؤْيَتِهِ،for its sighting,
Fast upon seeing it and break your fast upon seeing it,
فَإِنْso ifحَالَcomes betweenبَيْنَكُمْyouوَبَيْنَهُand itسَحَابٌcloudsوَظُلْمَةٌor darknessأَوْorهَبْوَةٌdustفَأَكْمِلُواthen completeالْعُدَّةَ،the count,
so if clouds, darkness, or dust obscures it from you, then complete the count,
هَبْوَةٌhabwahيَعْنِيmeansغُبْرَةً.dust.
habwah means dust.
وَقَالَ،And he said,عَلَيْهِupon himالسَّلَامُ:be peace:
And he, peace be upon him, said:
إِنَّIndeedالْعَرْشَthe Throneعَلَىis uponمَنْكِبِthe shoulderإِسْرَافِيلَof Israfilوَإِنَّهُand indeed itلَيَتَوَاضَعُhumbles itselfلِلَّهِto Godجَلَّthe Majesticوَعَزَّand Exaltedحَتَّىuntilيَصِيرَit becomesمِثْلَlikeالْوَصَعِ،the wasac,
Indeed the Throne is upon the shoulder of Israfil, and he humbles himself before God, majestic and exalted, until he becomes like the wasac,
الْوَصَعُal-wasacوَلَدُis the young ofالْعَصَافِيرِ.sparrows.
al-wasac is the young of sparrows.
فَقَالَ،And he said,عَلَيْهِupon himالسَّلَامُ،be peace,حِينَwhenسُئِلَhe was askedأَيْنَwhereكَانَwasرَبُّنَاour Lordجَلَّmajesticجَلَالُهُis His majestyقَبْلَbeforeأَنْthatيَخْلُقَHe createdالسَّمَاوَاتِthe heavensوَالْأَرْضِينَand the earthsفَقَالَ:so He said:
And he, peace be upon him, when asked where our Lord, majestic is His majesty, was before He created the heavens and the earths, said:
كَانَHe wasفِيinعَمَاءٍa cloudتَحْتَهُbeneath itهَوَاءٌ،was air,
He was in a cloud beneath which was air,
الْعَمَاءُal-ama'السَّحَابُ.is the cloud.
al-ama' is the cloud.
وَقَالَ،And he said,عَلَيْهِupon himالسَّلَامُ:be peace:
And he, peace be upon him, said:
عَمُّThe paternal uncleالرَّجُلِof a manصِنْوُis the counterpart ofأَبِيهِ،his father,
A man's paternal uncle is the counterpart of his father,
يَعْنِيmeaningأَنَّthatأَصْلَهُمَاtheir originوَاحِدٌ،is one,
meaning that their origin is one,
وَأَصْلُand the origin ofالصِّنْوِsinwإِنَّمَاis onlyهُوَitفِيinالنَّخْلِ،palm trees,
and the origin of sinw is specifically in palm trees,
قَالَsaidاللَّهُGodعَزَّthe Mightyوَجَلَّ:and Majestic:
God, mighty and majestic, said:
صِنْوَانٌSinwanوَغَيْرُand non-sinwanصِنْوَانٍsinwan,
"Sinwan and non-sinwan",
الصِّنْوَانُas-sinwanالْمُجْتَمِعُ،is the united,
al-sinwan is the united one,
وَغَيْرُand non-الصِّنْوَانِsinwanالْمُتَفَرِّقُ.is the separated.
and non-sinwan is the separated one.
وَقَالَ:And he said:
And he said:
مَنْWhoeverتَعَلَّمَlearnsالْقُرْآنَthe Quranثُمَّthenنَسِيَهُforgets itلَقِيَwill meetاللَّهَGodعَزَّthe Mightyوَجَلَّand Majesticوَهُوَwhile he isأَجْذَمُ،ajdham,
Whoever learns the Quran then forgets it will meet God, mighty and majestic, while he is ajdham,
أَيْmeaningمَقْطُوعُcutالْيَدِ.hand.
meaning with a cut hand.
وَقَالَAnd he saidلِرَجُلٍto a manأَتَاهُwho came to himوَقَالَ:and said:
And he said to a man who came to him and said:
يَاOرَسُولَMessenger ofاللَّهِGodأَيُدَالُis payment givenالرَّجُلُto the manامْرَأَتَهُhis wifeبِمَهْرِهَا؟for her dower?
O Messenger of God, is a man given delay regarding his wife's dower?
قَالَHe saidلَاNoإِلَّاexceptأَنْthatيَكُونَhe beمُلْفَجاً.mulfaj.
He said, No, unless he is mulfaj.
فَقَالَThen saidلَهُto himأَبُوAbuبَكْرٍ،Bakr,رَضِيَmay God be pleasedاللَّهُwithعَنْهُ:him:
Then Abu Bakr, may God be pleased with him, said to him:
بِأَبِيMay my father beوَأُمِّيand motherأَنْتَyouيَاOرَسُولَMessenger ofاللَّهِ!God!
May my father and mother be your ransom, O Messenger of God!
إِنَّمَاIndeedنَشَأْتَyou grew upفِيمَاamongبَيْنَنَاusوَنَحْنُand weقَدْhaveسَافَرْنَاtraveledوَأَنْتَwhile youمُقِيمٌremained residentفَنَرَاكَyet we see youتَكَلَّمُspeakingبِكَلَامٍwith speechلَاwe do notنَعْرِفُهُknow itوَلَاnorنَفْهَمُهُ!understand it!
You grew up among us, and we have traveled while you remained resident, yet we see you speaking with speech we neither know nor understand!
فَقَالَ،So he said,صَلَّىmay God bestowاللَّهُblessingsعَلَيْهِupon himوَعَلَىand uponآلِهِhis familyوَسَلَّمَ:and grant him peace:
So he, may God's blessings and peace be upon him and his family, said:
إِنَّIndeedاللَّهَGodعَزَّthe Mightyوَجَلَّand Majesticأَدَبَنِيdisciplined meوَأَحْسَنَand perfectedأَدَبِي،my discipline,
Indeed God, mighty and majestic, disciplined me and perfected my discipline,
وَهَذَاand thisالرَّجُلُmanكَلَّمَنِيspoke to meبِكَلَامِهِwith his speechفَأَجَبْتُهُso I answered himعَلَىaccording toحَسَبِهِ،his level,
and this man spoke to me in his speech, so I answered him according to his level,
قَالَ:He said:أَيُدَالُis payment givenالرَّجُلُto the manامْرَأَتَهُhis wifeبِمَهْرِهَا؟for her dower?
He said: Is a man given delay regarding his wife's dower?
أَيْmeaningيُمَاطِلُهَا،he delays her,
meaning he delays her payment,
فَقُلْتُ:so I said:لَاNoإِلَّاexceptأَنْthatيَكُونَhe beمُلْفَجاً،mulfaj,
so I said: No, unless he is mulfaj,
أَيْmeaningمُعْدِماً.destitute.
meaning destitute.
فَكَلَامُهُ،So his speech,صَلَّىmay God bestowاللَّهُblessingsعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ،and grant him peace,وَأَخْلَاقُهُand his characterوَمَذَاهِبُهُand his waysتَدُلُّindicateعَلَىthatأَنَّهُhe isمُوَافِقٌin accordance withلِقَوْلِthe saying ofاللَّهِGodجَلَّthe Majesticوَعَزَّ:and Exalted:
So his speech, may God's blessings and peace be upon him, and his character and ways indicate that he is in accordance with the saying of God, majestic and exalted:
اللَّهُGodأَعْلَمُknows bestحَيْثُwhereيَجْعَلُHe placesرِسَالَتَهُHis message
"God knows best where He places His message"
وَكَقَوْلِهِ:and like His saying:وَلَقَدْAnd indeedاخْتَرْنَاهُمْWe chose themعَلَىaboveعِلْمٍknowledgeعَلَىoverالْعَالَمِينَthe worlds
and like His saying: "And We certainly chose them with knowledge over the worlds"
وَقَالَAnd saidجَلَّthe Majesticذِكْرُهُ:His mention:خُذِTakeالْعَفْوَwhat is gratuitousوَأْمُرْand enjoinبِالْعُرْفِwhat is rightوَأَعْرِضْand turn awayعَنِfromالْجَاهِلِينَthe ignorant
And He whose mention is majestic said: "Take what is gratuitous and enjoin what is right and turn away from the ignorant"
فَلَمَّاSo whenعَلِمَHe knewأَنَّهُthat heقَدْhasقَبِلَacceptedأَدَبَهُHis disciplineقَالَ:He said:وَإِنَّكَAnd indeed youلَعَلَىare truly uponخُلُقٍcharacterعَظِيمٍgreat
So when He knew that he had accepted His discipline, He said: "And indeed, you are of a great moral character"
فَلَمَّاSo whenاسْتَحْكَمَwas firmly establishedلَهُfor himمَاwhatأَحَبَّHe lovedقَالَ:He said:وَمَاAnd whateverآتَاكُمُgives youالرَّسُولُthe Messengerفَخُذُوهُthen take itوَمَاand whateverنَهَاكُمْhe forbids youعَنْهُfrom itفَانْتَهُواthen refrain
So when what He loved was firmly established for him, He said: "And whatever the Messenger has given you, take it; and whatever he has forbidden you, refrain from it"
[مَسَاوِئُThe evils ofمَنْwhoتَنَبَّأَ]claimed prophecy
[The evils of those who claimed prophecy]
رُوِيَIt was narratedأَنَّthatمُسَيْلِمَةَMusaylimahبْنَson ofحَبِيبٍHabibالْكَذَّابَthe LiarكَتَبَwroteإِلَىtoرَسُولِMessenger ofاللَّهِ،God,صَلَّىmay God bestowاللَّهُblessingsعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ،and grant him peace,وَذَلِكَand that wasفِيinآخِرِthe end ofسَنَةِthe yearعَشْرٍ:ten:
It was narrated that Musaylimah ibn Habib the Liar wrote to the Messenger of God, may God's blessings and peace be upon him, and that was in the end of the year ten:
مِنْFromمُسَيْلِمَةَMusaylimahرَسُولِMessenger ofاللَّهِGodإِلَىtoمُحَمَّدٍMuhammadرَسُولِMessenger ofاللَّهِ،God,أَمَّاas toبَعْدُsubsequent:فَإِنِّيindeed Iقَدْhaveشُورِكْتُbeen made a partnerفِيinالْأَمْرِthe matterمَعَكَwith youوَإِنَّand indeedلَنَاfor us isنِصْفَhalf ofالْأَرْضِthe earthوَلِقُرَيْشٍand for Quraish isنِصْفُhalf ofالْأَرْضِ،the earth,وَلَكِنَّbutقُرَيْشاًQuraishقَوْمٌare a peopleيَعْتَدُونَ.who transgress.
"From Musaylimah the Messenger of God to Muhammad the Messenger of God, as to what follows: Indeed I have been made a partner in the matter with you, and for us is half of the earth and for Quraish is half of the earth, but Quraish are a people who transgress."
فَقَدِمَSo arrivedعَلَيْهِto himرَسُولَانِtwo messengersمِنْfromقِبَلِthe side ofمُسَيْلِمَةَMusaylimahبِهَذَاwith thisالْكِتَابِ.letter.
Two messengers from Musaylimah arrived to him with this letter.
فَقَالَ:So he said:أَمَاTrulyوَاللَّهِby Godلَوْلَاwere it notأَنَّthatالرُّسُلَmessengersلَاare notيُقْتَلُونَkilledلَضَرَبْتُI would have struckأَعْنَاقَكُمَا.both your necks.
So he said: "Truly, by God, were it not that messengers are not killed, I would have struck your necks."
ثُمَّThenكَتَبَ:he wrote:بِسْمِIn the name ofاللَّهِGodالرَّحْمَنِthe Most Graciousالرَّحِيمِ.the Most Merciful.
Then he wrote: "In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful."
مِنْFromمُحَمَّدٍMuhammadرَسُولِMessenger ofاللَّهِGodإِلَىtoمُسَيْلِمَةَMusaylimahالْكَذَّابِ.the Liar.
"From Muhammad the Messenger of God to Musaylimah the Liar.
السَّلَامُPeaceعَلَىbe uponمَنِwhoeverاتَّبَعَfollowedالْهُدَى،the guidance,أَمَّاas toبَعْدُsubsequent:فَإِنَّindeedالْأَرْضَthe earthلِلَّهِbelongs to GodيُورِثُهَاHe causes to inherit itمَنْwhomيَشَاءُHe willsمِنْfromعِبَادِهِHis servantsوَالْعَاقِبَةُand the outcomeلِلْمُتَّقِينَ.is for the righteous."
Peace be upon whoever followed the guidance. As to what follows: Indeed the earth belongs to God; He causes whom He wills of His servants to inherit it, and the outcome is for the righteous."
قِيلَIt was saidوَأَتَاهُthat there came to himالْأَحْنَفُal-Ahnafبْنُson ofقَيْسٍQaisمَعَwithعَمِّهِhis uncleفَلَمَّاso whenخَرَجَاthey two came outمِنْfromعِنْدِهِhis presenceقَالَsaidالْأَحْنَفُal-Ahnafلِعَمِّهِ:to his uncle:
It was said that al-Ahnaf ibn Qais came to him with his uncle, and when they came out from his presence, al-Ahnaf said to his uncle:
كَيْفَHowرَأَيْتَهُ؟did you see him?
"How did you see him?"
قَالَ:He said:لَيْسَHe is notبِمُتَنَبٍّa claimant of prophecyصَادِقٍtruthfulوَلَاnorبِكَذَّابٍa liarحَاذِقٍ.skillful.
He said: "He is neither a truthful claimant of prophecy nor a skillful liar."
وَمِنْهُمْAnd among themطُلَيْحَةُTulayhahتَنَبَّأَclaimed prophecyعَلَىduringعَهْدِthe time ofرَسُولِMessenger ofاللَّهِ،God,صَلَّىmay God bestowاللَّهُblessingsعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ،and grant him peace,
And among them was Tulayhah, who claimed prophecy during the time of the Messenger of God, may God's blessings and peace be upon him,
وَكَانَand he wasيَقُولُsayingإِنَّthatذَاDhuالنُّونِAn-Nunيَأْتِيهِ،comes to him,
and he used to say that Dhu An-Nun comes to him,
فَقَالَso saidالنَّبِيُّ،the Prophet,صَلَّىmay God bestowاللَّهُblessingsعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ:and grant him peace:لَقَدْIndeedذَكَرَhe mentionedمَلِكاًa kingعَظِيماً.great.
so the Prophet, may God's blessings and peace be upon him, said: "Indeed he has mentioned a great king."