al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 84

أَمْثِلَةٌExamplesأُخْرَىotherلِإِبْدَالِfor the substitution ofالْفِعْلِ:the verb:

Other examples of verb substitution:

قَوْلُهِHis statement- تَعَالَى -:- Most High -:

His statement - Most High -:

{مِنَّا{from usيُصْحَبُونَ}they are accompanied}

{from us they are accompanied}

أَيْ:meaning:مِنَّاfrom usلَاnotيُنْصَرُونَthey are supported

meaning: from us they are not supported

وَلَمَّاand sinceأَنَّthatالنَّصْرَvictoryوَالتَّأْيِيدَand backing

And since victory and backing

لَاnotيُتَصَوَّرُis conceivedبِدُونِwithoutالِاجْتِمَاعِgatheringوَالصُّحْبَةِ،and companionship,

cannot be conceived without gathering and companionship,

أَبْدَلَHe substituted"يُنْصَرُونَ""they are supported""بِيُصْحَبُونَ"."with they are accompanied".

He substituted "they are supported" with "they are accompanied".

  • - {ثَقُلَتْ- {it grew heavyفِيinالسَّمَاوَاتِthe heavensوَالْأَرْضِ}and the earth}

    • - {It grew heavy in the heavens and the earth}

    أَيْmeaningخَفِيَتْit became hiddenلِأَنَّbecauseالشَّيْءَthe thingإِذَاwhenخَفَىit is hiddenعِلْمُهُits knowledge

    meaning it became hidden because when the knowledge of a thing is hidden

    ثَقُلَit grows heavyعَلَىuponأَهْلِthe people ofالسَّمَاوَاتِthe heavensوَالْأَرْضِ.and the earth.

    it grows heavy upon the people of the heavens and the earth.

  • - {فَإِنْ- {then ifطِبْنَthey are willingلَكُمْfor youعَنْregardingشَيْءٍanythingمِنْهُfrom itنَفْسًا}.willingly}

    • - {And if they are willing to give up to you anything of it willingly}

    أَيْ:meaning:عَفَوْنَthey forgoلَكُمْfor youعَنْofشَيْءٍsomethingمِنْfromطِيبَةٍgoodnessمِنْofنُفُوسِهِنَّ.their souls.

    meaning: they forgo for you something out of the goodness of their souls.

    إِبْدَالُSubstitution ofاسْمٍa nounبِاسْمٍ:with a noun:

    Substitution of a noun with a noun:

    ٢2- وَتَارَةً- and sometimesيُبْدِلُونَthey substituteاسْماًa nounبِاسْمٍ،with a noun,وَفِيمَاand in whatيَلِيfollowsأَمْثِلَتُهُ:are its examples:

    2 - And sometimes they substitute a noun with a noun, and the following are its examples:

    قَوْلُهِHis statement- تَعَالَى -:- Most High -:

    His statement - Most High -:

  • - {فَظَلَّتْ- {then remainedأَعْنَاقُهُمْtheir necksلَهَاto itخَاضِعِينَ}humble (masculine plural)}

    • - {Then their necks remained to it humble}

    أَيْmeaningخَاضِعَةً.humble (feminine singular).

    meaning humble.

  • - {وَكَانَتْ- {and she wasمِنَfromالْقَانِتِينَ}the devout (masculine plural)}

    • - {And she was of the devout}

    أَيْ:meaning:مِنَfromالْقَانِتَاتِ.the devout (feminine plural).

    meaning: of the devout women.

  • - {وَمَا- {and notلَهُمْfor themمِنْfromنَاصِرِينَ}helpers (plural)}

    • - {And for them there are no helpers}

    أَيْ:meaning:مِنْfromنَاصِرٍ.helper (singular).

    meaning: from any helper.

  • - {فَمَا- {then notمِنْكُمْfrom youمِنْofأَحَدٍanyoneعَنْهُfrom himحَاجِزِينَ}preventers (plural)}

    • - {Then there is no one among you who could prevent him}

    أَيْ:meaning:مِنْofحَاجِزٍ.preventer (singular).

    meaning: of any preventer.

  • - {وَالْعَصْرِ- {by time(١)(1)إِنَّindeedالْإِنْسَانَmankindلَفِيis surely inخُسْرٍ}loss}

    • - {By time, indeed mankind is in loss}

    أَيْ:meaning:أَفْرَادُindividuals ofبَنِيchildren ofآدَمَ.Adam.

    meaning: individuals of the children of Adam.

    أَفْرَادُIndividuals ofاللَّفْظِthe wordingلِأَنَّهُbecause itاسْمُis a noun ofجِنْسٍ.category/genus.

    Individuals of the wording because it is a generic noun.