Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 75

وَإِذَا

And when

ضَرَبْتُمْ

you travel

فِي

in

الْأَرْضِ

the earth

And when you travel in the earth

فَلَيْسَ

then there is not

عَلَيْكُمْ

upon you

جُنَاحٌ

any blame

أَنْ

that

تَقْصُرُوا

you shorten

مِنَ

of

الصَّلَاةِ

the prayer

then there is no blame upon you for shortening the prayer

إِنْ

if

خِفْتُمْ

you fear

أَنْ

that

يَفْتِنَكُمُ

will afflict you

الَّذِينَ

those who

كَفَرُوا

disbelieved

if you fear that those who disbelieved will afflict you

الْآيَةَ

the verse

فَقَالَ

so he said

- صَلَّى -

may Allah bestow peace

اللَّهُ

Allah

عَلَيْهِ

upon him

وَسَلَّمَ

and grant him security

the verse, so he - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - said

"صَدَقَةٌ

"A charity

تَصَدَّقَ

given as charity

اللَّهُ

Allah

بِهَا

with it

عَلَيْكُمْ"

upon you"

"A charity which Allah has bestowed upon you as charity"

أَيْ

meaning

أَنَّ

that

الْكُرَمَاءَ

the generous people

لَا

do not

يُضَايِقُونَ

make things tight

فِي

in

الصَّدَقَةِ،

charity

meaning that generous people do not make charity restrictive,

كَذَلِكَ

likewise

الرَّبُّ

the Lord

تَبَارَكَ

Blessed

وَتَعَالَى

and Exalted is He

لَمْ

did not

يَذْكُرْ

mention

هَذَا

this

الْقَيْدَ

condition

لِلتَّضْيِيقِ،

for restriction

likewise the Lord, Blessed and Exalted is He, did not mention this condition for restriction,

بَلْ

rather

إِنَّمَا

only

وَرَدَ

came

الْقَيْدُ

the condition

اتِّفَاقاً.

incidentally

rather the condition merely came incidentally.

وَأَمْثِلَةُ

And the examples of

التَّوجِيهِ

guidance

كَثِيرَةٌ،

are many

And the examples of guidance are many,

وَالْغَرَضُ

and the purpose

هُنَا

here

التَّنْبِيهُ

is to draw attention

عَلَى

to

مَعْنَاهُ

its meaning

وَالْمَقْصُودِ

and what is intended

مِنْهُ.

from it

and the purpose here is to draw attention to its meaning and what is intended by it.

تَنْقِيحُ

Refining

أَسْبَابِ

the causes of

النُّزُولِ

revelation

وَتَوْجِيهُ

and guiding

الْمُشْكِلِ

the problematic parts

مِنْ

from

تَفْسِيرَاتِ

the interpretations of

الْبُخَارِيِّ

Al-Bukhari

وَالتِّرْمِذِيِّ

At-Tirmidhi

وَالْحَاكِمِ:

and Al-Hakim

Refining the causes of revelation and explaining the problematic aspects in the interpretations of Al-Bukhari, At-Tirmidhi, and Al-Hakim:

وَيَحْلُو

And it pleases

لِي

me

أَنْ

to

أَنْقُلَ

transmit

فِي

in

الْبَابِ

the chapter

الْخَامِسِ

fifth

And it pleases me to transmit in the fifth chapter

مِنْ

from

تَفْسِيرَاتِ

the interpretations of

الْبُخَارِيِّ

Al-Bukhari

وَالتِّرْمِذِيِّ

At-Tirmidhi

وَالْحَاكِمِ

and Al-Hakim

from the interpretations of Al-Bukhari, At-Tirmidhi, and Al-Hakim

مَا

that which

يَتَعَلَّقُ

relates

بِأَسْبَابِ

to the causes of

النُّزُولِ

revelation

وَتَوْجِيهِ

and explaining

الْمُشْكِلِ

the problematic parts

what relates to the causes of revelation and explaining the problematic parts

مِمَّا

from what

رَوَوْهُ

they narrated it

بِأَسَانِيدِهِمْ

with their chains of narration

إِلَى

to

الصَّحَابَةِ

the Companions

- رَضِيَ -

may Allah be pleased

اللَّهُ

Allah

عَنْهُمْ -

with them

from what they narrated through their chains of transmission back to the Companions - may Allah be pleased with them -

وَإِلَى

and to

الرَّسُولِ

the Messenger

- صَلَّى -

may Allah bestow peace

اللَّهُ

Allah

عَلَيْهِ

upon him

وَسَلَّمَ -

and grant him security

بِتَنْقِيحٍ

with refinement

وَتَهْذِيبٍ

and editing

وَاخْتِصَارٍ

and abbreviation

لِفَائِدَتَيْنِ

for two benefits

مُهِمَّتَيْنِ.

important

and to the Messenger - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - with refinement, editing, and abbreviation, for two important benefits.

أُولَاهُمَا:

The first of them:

أَنَّ

that

اسْتِحْضَارَ

bringing to mind

هَذَا

this

الْقَدْرِ

amount

مِنَ

of

الْآثَارِ

reports

وَالرِّوَايَاتِ

and narrations

لَا

is not

بُدَّ

avoidable

مِنْهُ

from it

لِكُلِّ

for every

مُفَسِّرٍ

exegete

The first is that having this amount of reports and narrations at hand is indispensable for every exegete

مِثْلَ

like

شَرْحِ

explaining

غَرِيبِ

the uncommon words of

الْقُرْآنِ،

the Quran

لَا

it is not

بُدَّ

avoidable

لِلْمُفَسِّرِ

for the exegete

مِنْ

to

حِفْظِ

memorize

الْقَدْرِ

the amount

الَّذِي

that

ذَكَرْنَاهُ

we mentioned

مِنْهُ

of it

فِيمَا

in what

تَقَدَّمَ.

has preceded

just like explaining the unusual words of the Quran; the exegete must memorize the amount we mentioned of it previously.

الثَّانِيَةُ:

The second:

أَنْ

that

يَعْلَمَ

he knows

أَنَّهُ

that

لَا

no

دَخْلَ

relevance / entry

لِأَكْثَرِ

to most of

مَا

what

يُرْوَى

is narrated

مِنْ

of

أَسْبَابِ

causes of

النُّزُولِ

revelation

The second is that he should know that most of what is narrated concerning the causes of revelation has no bearing

فِي

in

فَهْمِ

understanding

مَعَانِي

the meanings of

الْآيَاتِ

the verses

الْكَرِيمَةِ

noble

اللَّهُمَّ

except

إِلَّا

that

شَيْئاً

something

قَلِيلاً

little

مِنَ

of

الْقَصَصِ

the stories

وَالرِّوَايَاتِ

and narrations

upon understanding the meanings of the noble verses, except for a very small amount of the stories and narrations

الَّتِي

that

وَرَدَتْ

came

فِي

in

هَذِهِ

these

التَّفَاسِيرِ

interpretations

الثَّلَاثَةِ

three

الَّتِي

which

هِيَ

they are

أَصَحُّ

the most authentic

التَّفَاسِيرِ

interpretations

لَدَى

according to

الْمُحَدِّثِينَ.

the hadith scholars

that were mentioned in these three interpretations which are the most authentic interpretations according to the hadith scholars.