Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 71

تَوَافَقَ

agreed

هَذَا

this

الْوَصْفُ

description

فِي

in

أَكْثَرِ

most

خَصَائِصِهِ

of its characteristics

أَوْ

or

فِي

in

كُلِّهَا

all of them

If this description agrees in most or all of its characteristics,

فَهُوَ

then it

مِنْ

is from

قَبِيلِ،

the category of

"لُزُومِ

"Lazum ma la yalzam

مَا

what

لَا

is not

يَلْزَمُ".

obligatory".

then it is of the category of "Lazum ma la yalzam".

[عَرْضُ

[Presentation of

بَعْضِ

some

الْآيَاتِ

verses

فِي

in

صُورَةِ

the form of

السُّؤَالِ

question

وَالْجَوَابِ:]

and answer:]

[Presenting some verses in the form of question and answer:]

وَفِي

And in

بَعْضِ

some

الْأَحْيَانِ

times

يَأْتِي

comes

رَدٌّ

a response

عَلَى

to

شُبْهَةٍ

a doubt

ظَاهِرَةِ

apparent

الْوُرُودِ

in occurrence

And sometimes a response comes to an apparent doubt

أَوْ

or

جَوَابٌ

an answer

لِسُؤَالٍ

to a question

قَرِيبِ

close in

الْفَهْمِ

understanding

وَيَكُونُ

and the purpose is

الْغَرَضُ

to clarify

إِيضَاحَ

the previous

الْكَلَامِ

speech

السَّابِقِ،

not that

or an answer to a readily understood question, and the purpose is to clarify the previous speech,

لَا

not

أَنَّ

that

أَحَداً

anyone

وَجَّهَ

directed

هَذَا

this

السُّؤَالَ

question

بِعَيْنِهِ

specifically

أَوْ

or

أَوْرَدَ

raised

هَذِهِ

this

الشُّبْهَةَ

doubt

بِعَيْنِهَا،

specifically.

not that anyone specifically directed this question or raised this specific doubt.

وَكَثِيراً

And often

مَا

do

يَفْتَرِضُ

assume

الصَّحَابَةُ

the Companions

- رَضِيَ

- may Allah be

اللَّهُ

pleased

عَنْهُمْ -

with them -

فِي

in

مِثْلِ

such

هَذِهِ

these

الْمَوَاضِعِ

places

سُؤَالاً

a question

وَجَوَاباً،

and an answer,

And often the Companions - may Allah be pleased with them - in such places assume a question and an answer,

وَيَشْرَحُونَ

and they explain

الْكَلَامَ

the speech

فِي

in

صُورَةِ

the form of

السُّؤَالِ

question

وَالْجَوَابِ،

and answer,

and they explain the speech in the form of question and answer,

وَالْحَقِيقَةُ

and the truth is

أَنَّنَا

that we

إِذَا

if

تَأَمَّلْنَا

we ponder

وَدَقَقْنَا

and examine closely

النَّظَرَ

the view

and the truth is that if we ponder and examine closely,

نَجِدُ

we find

الْكَلَامَ

the speech

كُلَّهُ

all of it

مُسْتَقِيماً

straight

مُتَرَابِطاً

interconnected

لَا

not

يَحْتَمِلُ

bearing

نُزُولَ

revelation

مِنْهُ

of it

بَعْضَ

a part

شَيْءٍ

after

فِي

in

فَتَرَاتٍ

intervals

مُتَقَطِّعَةٍ،

disconnected,

we find the speech all of it straight and interconnected, not bearing that parts of it were revealed in disconnected intervals,

بَلْ

rather

هُوَ

it is

كَلَامٌ

speech

مُنْتَظِمٌ،

systematic,

لَا

not

تَحُلُّ

untying

عُرَاهُ

its knots

وَلَا

nor

تُفَكُّ

loosening

قُيُودُهُ

its bonds

عَلَى

upon

أَيِّ

any

أَصْلٍ

principle

مِنَ

of

الْأُصُولِ.

the principles.

rather it is systematic speech, whose knots are not untied nor its bonds loosened upon any of the principles.

التَّقَدُّمُ

Precedence

وَالتَّأَخُّرُ

and postponement

الرُّتْبِيُّ:

by rank:

Precedence and Postponement by Rank:

وَأَحْيَاناً

And sometimes

يَذْكُرُ

mention

الصَّحَابَةُ

the Companions

- رَضِيَ

- may Allah be

اللَّهُ

pleased

عَنْهُمْ -

with them -

التَّقْدِيمَ

the precedence

وَالتَّأْخِيرَ

and postponement

فِي

in

بَعْضِ

some

الْآيَاتِ،

verses,

And sometimes the Companions - may Allah be pleased with them - mention precedence and postponement in some verses,

وَمُرَادُهُمْ

and their intent

بِذَلِكَ

by that

هُوَ

is

التَّقَدُّمُ

the precedence

وَالتَّأَخُّرُ

and postponement

الرُّتْبِيُّ

by rank

كَمَا

as

قَالَ

said

ابْنُ

Ibn

عُمَرَ

Umar

- رَضِيَ

- may Allah be pleased

اللَّهُ

with

عَنْهُ -

him -

فِي

regarding

قَوْلِهِ

His

- تَعَالَى -:

statement - Most High -:

and their intent by that is precedence and postponement by rank, as Ibn Umar - may Allah be pleased with him - said regarding His statement - Most High -:

{وَالَّذِينَ
{And those who
يَكْنِزُونَ
hoard
الذَّهَبَ
the gold
وَالْفِضَّةَ}
and the silver}
إِلَخِ
etc.
الْآيَةِ
of the verse
"هَذَا
"This was
قَبْلَ
before
أَنْ
that
تَنْزِلَ
were revealed
زَكَاةُ
the Zakat,

{And those who hoard the gold and silver} etc. of the verse: "This was before Zakat was revealed,

فَلَمَّا
so when
أُنْزِلَتْ
it was revealed
جَعَلَهَا
made it
اللَّهُ
Allah
- تَعَالَى -
- Most High -
طَهُوراً
as a purifier
لِلْأَمْوَالِ".
for wealth".

so when it was revealed, Allah - Most High - made it a purifier for wealth".

فَمِنَ

For from

الْمَعْلُومِ

the known

أَنَّ

that

سُورَةَ

Surah

الْبَرَاءَةِ

Al-Bara'ah

آخِرُ

the last

سُورَةٍ

Surah

نَزَلَتْ

that was revealed

وَجَاءَتْ

and came

For it is known that Surah Al-Bara'ah is the last Surah that was revealed and came