Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 39

تَجَلَّى

It became clear

لَكَ

to you

أَنَّ

that

خُطُوَاتِ

the steps

الْإِنْسَانِ

of man

عَلَى

on

دَرْبِ

the path

عِلْمِهِ

of his knowledge

الْفِطْرِيِّ

innate

غَيْرِ

unacquired

الْمُكْتَسَبِ،

non-acquired,

It became clear to you that man's steps on the path of his innate, unacquired knowledge,

وَتَمْيِيزِهِ

and his distinction

لِلصِّفَاتِ

of the attributes

الَّتِي

that

يَجُوزُ

are permissible

أَنْ

to

تُنْسَبَ

be attributed

إِلَى

to

اللَّهِ

God

- تَعَالَى -

- the Most High -

وَلَا

and does not

يَقَعُ

occur

فِيهَا

in them

خَلَلٌ،

any flaw,

and his distinction of the attributes that are permissible to be attributed to God - the Most High - and in which no flaw occurs,

عَنِ

from

الصِّفَاتِ

the attributes

الَّتِي

that

يُؤَدِّي

lead

اسْتِعْمَالُهَا

their usage

إِلَى

to

الْأَوْهَامِ

false illusions

الْبَاطِلَةِ

and invalid

وَالْعَقَائِدِ

beliefs

الْمُنْحَرِفَةِ،

deviant,

from the attributes whose usage leads to false illusions and deviant beliefs,

أَمْرٌ

is a matter

دَقِيقٌ

subtle

خَطِيرٌ

and gravely serious

لِلْغَايَةِ

in the extreme

لَا

which does not

يَصِلُ

reach

غَوْرَهُ

its depths

وَلَا

nor

يَكْتَنِهُ

fathom

كُنْهَهُ

its essence

جُمْهُورُ

the general

النَّاسِ،

people,

is a matter so subtle and gravely serious that the general public cannot reach its depths nor fathom its essence,

وَلِذَلِكَ

and therefore

قَرَّرَ

it was determined

أَنْ

that

يَكُونَ

be

عِلْمُ

the knowledge of

الصِّفَاتِ

the divine attributes

الْإِلَهِيَّةِ

divine

تَوْفِيقاً،

revelation-based (Tawfiqi),

and therefore it was determined that the knowledge of the divine attributes must be strictly based on revelation (Tawfiqi),

وَلَا

and it is not

يُسْمَحُ

permitted

بِالْبَحْثِ

to research

وَالْكَلَامِ

and speak

بِحُرِّيَّةٍ

freely

وَإِطْلَاقٍ.

and without restriction.

and freedom of speculative speech and unrestricted inquiry are not permitted.

[أُسْلُوبُ

[The style

الْقُرْآنِ

of the Quran

فِي

in

بَيَانِ

explaining

آلَاءِ

the bounties

اللَّهِ:]

of God:]

[The style of the Quran in explaining the bounties of God:]

وَلَمْ

And did not

يَتَعَرَّضِ

address

الْقُرْآنُ

the Quran

الْعَظِيمُ

Grand

مِنْ

of

آلَاءِ

the bounties

اللَّهِ

of God

- تَعَالَى -

- the Most High -

وَآيَاتِ

and signs

قُدْرَتِهِ

of His power

الْعَجِيبَةِ

wondrous

إِلَّا

except

لِمَا

that which

يَسْتَوِي

is equal

فِي

in

إِدْرَاكِهِ

its comprehension

الْحَضَرِيُّ

the urbanite

وَالْبَدَوِيُّ

and the bedouin

وَالْعَرَبِيُّ

and the Arab

وَالْعَجَمِيُّ

and the non-Arab

And the Grand Quran did not address the bounties of God - the Most High - and the wondrous signs of His power except what is equally comprehensible to the urbanite and the bedouin, the Arab and the non-Arab,

وَلَا

and it is not

يَصْعُبُ

difficult

فَهْمُهُ

its understanding

عَلَى

for

عَاقِلٍ،

any rational person.

and its understanding is not difficult for any rational person.

لِأَجْلِ

For

ذَلِكَ

that

لَمْ

did not

يَذْكُرِ

mention

النِّعَمَ

the blessings

الرُّوحَانِيَّةَ

spiritual

الْخَاصَّةَ

special

الَّتِي

which

يُنْعِمُ

He bestows

بِهَا

with them

عَلَى

upon

عِبَادِهِ

His servants

الْأَنْبِيَاءِ

the prophets

وَالْأَوْلِيَاءِ

and the saints

وَالْعُلَمَاءِ

and scholars

الصَّالِحِينَ

righteous

بِصِفَةٍ

in particular

خَاصَّةٍ

(specially)

For that reason, it did not mention the special spiritual blessings which He bestows upon His servants: the prophets, saints, and righteous scholars in particular

(مِنْ

(from

مَرَاتِبِ

the ranks

الْكَمَالَاتِ

of perfections

وَمَدَارِجِ

and levels

التَّقَرُّبِ

of drawing close

وَمَنَازِلِ

and stations

التَّقْوَى)

of piety)

(such as the ranks of perfections, levels of drawing close, and stations of piety)

وَلَمْ

and nor

يَذْكُرِ

did it mention

الْمَلَاذَّ

the luxuries

وَالنِّعَمَ

and bounties

الَّتِي

that

تَحْصُلُ

are attained

- أَحْيَاناً -

- sometimes -

لِلْمُلُوكِ

by kings

وَالسَّلَاطِينِ

and sultans

and nor did it mention the luxuries and bounties that are attained - sometimes - by kings and sultans

(وَأَفْرَادٍ

(and by few individuals

قَلَائِلَ

few

مِنَ

from

الْبَشَرِ)

mankind)

(and by a few individuals among mankind),

بَلْ

rather

ذَكَرَ

it mentioned

مَا

that which

كَانَ

was

أَنْسَبَ

more fitting

ذِكْرُهُ:

its mention:

rather, it mentioned what was more fitting to mention:

مِنْ

from

خَلْقِ

the creation of

السَّمَاوَاتِ

the heavens

وَالْأَرْضِ،

and the earth,

the creation of the heavens and the earth,

وَإِنْزَالِ

and the sending down of

الْمَطَرِ

rain

مِنَ

from

السَّحَابِ،

the clouds,

the sending down of rain from the clouds,

وَتَفْجِيرِ

and the gushing forth of

الْيَنَابِيعِ

springs

بِالْمَاءِ،

with water,

the gushing forth of springs with water,

وَإِلْهَامِ

and the inspiration of

الصَّنَائِعِ

industries

وَالْحِرَفِ

and crafts

الضَّرُورِيَّةِ،

essential,

the inspiration of essential industries and crafts,

وَخَلْقِ

and the creation of

الْقُدْرَةِ

the capacity

لِمُمَارَسَتِهَا

to practice them

وَمُزَاوَلَتِهَا،

and engage in them,

and the creation of the capacity to practice and engage in them,

وَنَبَّهَ

and it drew attention

إِلَى

to

تَغَيُّرِ

the change in

مَوَاقِفِ

attitudes of

النَّاسِ

people

عِنْدَ

at

السَّرَّاءِ

ease

وَالضَّرَّاءِ،

and hardship,

and it drew attention to the change in people's attitudes during times of ease and hardship,

وَلَدَى

and at times of

النِّعَمِ

blessings

وَالْبَأْسَاءِ

and adversity

فِي

in

مَوَاضِعَ

places

كَثِيرَةٍ

many

and at times of blessings and adversity in many places,

إِذْ

since

أَنَّ

that

هَذَا

this

مِنْ

is from

أَمْرَاضِ

the diseases

الْقَلْبِ

of the heart

وَانْحِرَافِ

and the deviation

النَّفْسِ

of the soul

الَّذِي

which

يَكْثُرُ

frequently

وُقُوعُهُ

occurs

وَتَكْثُرُ

and whose examples

أَمْثِلَتُهُ.

are numerous.

since this is one of the diseases of the heart and deviations of the soul that frequently occur and whose examples are numerous.