Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 33

كَفَرُوا

disbelieved,

أَوْ

or

كَانَ

was

الْانْسِيَاقُ

the being swept away

وَرَاءَ

behind

اللَّذَّاتِ

the pleasures

الدُّنْيَوِيَّةِ

worldly

قَدْ

has

مَلَكَ

possessed

قُلُوبَهُمْ

their hearts

disbelieved, or being swept away by worldly pleasures had possessed their hearts

بِحَيْثُ

such that

لَمْ

it did not

يَذَرْ

leave

مَكَاناً

a place

لِحُبِّ

for the love

اللَّهِ

of Allah

- تَعَالَى -

- the Most High -

وَرَسُولِهِ

and His Messenger

- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -

- peace and blessings be upon him -

so that it left no place for the love of Allah - the Most High - and His Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him -

أَوْ

or

اسْتَوْلَى

overcame

عَلَيْهِمُ

them

الْحِرْصُ

greed

وَحُبُّ

and love

الْمَالِ

of wealth

or greed and love of wealth overcame them,

وَالْحَسَدُ

and envy

وَالضَّغِينَةُ

and malice

وَمَا

and what

إِلَى

to

ذَلِكَ

that

مِنْ

of

رَذَائِلِ

vices

الْأَخْلَاقِ

of morals

وَالْعَادَاتِ

and habits

and envy and malice and similar vices of morals and habits

بِحَيْثُ

such that

لَمْ

did not

تَعُدْ

remain

فِي

in

قُلُوبِهِمْ

their hearts

بَشَاشَةُ

the freshness/glow

الْإِيمَانِ

of faith

so that there no longer remained in their hearts the freshness of faith,

وَحَلَاوَةُ

and the sweetness

الدُّعَاءِ

of supplication

وَالِابْتِهَالِ

and earnest prayer

وَبَرَكَاتُ

and the blessings

الْعِبَادَاتِ

of acts of worship

and the sweetness of supplication and earnest prayer, and the blessings of acts of worship,

أَوْ

or

انْغَمَسُوا

they plunged

فِي

into

شُئُونِ

affairs

دُنْيَاهُمْ

of their worldly life

إِلَى

to

حَدِّ

the extent

أَنْ

that

لَمْ

did not

تَكُنْ

be

لَدَيْهِمْ

with them

فُرْصَةُ

opportunity

الْعِبَادَاتِ

for acts of worship

or they plunged into their worldly affairs to the extent that they had no opportunity for acts of worship,

أَوْ

or

انْغَمَسُوا

they plunged

فِي

into

شُئُونِ

affairs

دُنْيَاهُمْ

of their worldly life

إِلَى

to

حَدِّ

the extent

أَنْ

that

لَمْ

did not

تَكُنْ

be

لَدَيْهِمْ

with them

فُرْصَةُ

opportunity

تَرَقُّبِ

anticipation

الْآخِرَةِ

of the Hereafter

وَالتَّفْكِيرِ

and pondering

فِيهَا

about it

or they plunged into their worldly affairs to the extent that they had no opportunity to anticipate the Hereafter and ponder over it,

أَوْ

or

كَانَتْ

used to

تَمُرُّ

pass

بِخَوَاطِرِهِمْ

through their thoughts

وَقُلُوبِهِمْ

and hearts

ظُنُونٌ

thoughts/suspicions

سَيِّئَةٌ

evil

وَشُبُهَاتٌ

and doubts

سَطْحِيَّةٌ

superficial

رَكِيكَةٌ

flimsy

فِي

regarding

رِسَالَةِ

the message

نَبِيِّنَا

of our Prophet

- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -

- peace and blessings be upon him -

or there used to pass through their thoughts and hearts evil suspicions and superficial, flimsy doubts regarding the message of our Prophet - peace and blessings be upon him -

رَغْمَ

despite

أَنَّهُمْ

that they

لَمْ

did not

يَبْلُغْ

reach

بِهِمُ

with them

الْحَالُ

the state

إِلَى

to

أَنْ

that

يَخْلَعُوا

they strip off

عَنْ

from

عُنُقِهِمْ

their necks

رِبْقَةَ

the shackle/collar

الْإِسْلَامِ

of Islam

despite the fact that their state did not reach the point of stripping off the shackle of Islam from their necks,

وَيَنْفُضُوا

and shaking off

مِنْهُ

from it

أَيْدِيَهُمْ

their hands

بَتَاتاً

completely.

and shaking their hands completely free of it.

وَقَدْ

And

كَانَتْ

used to

تَنْشَأُ

arise

عِنْدَهُمْ

with them

هَذِهِ

these

الشُّكُوكُ

doubts

وَالشُّبُهَاتُ

and suspicions

And these doubts and suspicions used to arise within them

بَسَبَبِ

due to

مَا

what

يَجْرِي

occurs

مِنْ

of

أَحْكَامِ

rulings/conditions

الْبَشَرِيَّةِ

human

عَلَى

upon

ذَاتِ

the person

الرَّسُولِ

of the Messenger

- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -

- peace and blessings be upon him -

due to what occurs of human conditions upon the person of the Messenger - peace and blessings be upon him -

وَبِسَبَبِ

and due to

ظُهُورِ

the appearance

الْمِلَّةِ

of the nation/religion

الْإِسْلَامِيَّةِ

Islamic

فِي

in

صُورَةِ

the form

سَيْطَرَةِ

of dominance

الْمُلُوكِ

of kings

وَاسْتِيلَائِهِمْ

and their seizing

عَلَى

of

نَوَاحِي

the regions

الْبِلَادِ

of the lands

and due to the appearance of the Islamic nation in the form of kings' dominance and their seizing of the regions of the lands,

وَأَمْثَالِ

and the likes

ذَلِكَ

of that

and the likes of that

(مِنَ

(from

الْأَسْبَابِ

the causes

الْمَادِّيَّةِ

material

الَّتِي

that

قَدْ

may

تُشَوِّشُ

confuse

بَعْضَ

some

ضِعَافِ

weak ones

الْإِيمَانِ

of faith

وَتُنْشِئُ

and give rise

فِيهِمُ

in them

الشُّبُهَاتِ)

to doubts)

(of the material causes that may confuse some of those weak in faith and give rise to doubts in them)

أَوْ

or

لِحُبِّهِمْ

for their love

لِقَبَائِلِهِمْ

of their tribes

وَعَشَائِرِهِمْ

and clans

- مَثَلًا -

- for example -

or for their love of their tribes and clans - for example -

الَّذِي

which

دَفَعَهُمْ

pushed them

إِلَى

to

أَنْ

that

يُسَاعِدُوهَا

they help them

وَيُقَوُّوهَا

and strengthen them

وَيُؤَيِّدُوهَا

and support them

- جَهْدَهُمْ -

- to the best of their effort -

which drove them to help them, strengthen them, and support them - to the best of their effort -

وَلَوْ

even if

عَلَى

upon

حِسَابِ

the expense

الْإِسْلَامِ

of Islam

وَمُنَاوَأَةِ

and opposing

أَهْلِهِ

its people

even if at the expense of Islam and opposing its people,

وَبِذَلِكَ

and by that

يُضْعِفُونَ

they weaken

الْإِسْلَامَ

Islam

وَيُلْحِقُونَ

and attach/inflict

بِهِ

upon it

الضَّرَرَ

harm

and by that they weaken Islam and inflict harm upon it.

وَهَذَا

And this

الْقِسْمُ

category

مِنَ

of

النِّفَاقِ

hypocrisy

هُوَ

is

نِفَاقُ

hypocrisy

الْأَعْمَالِ

of deeds

وَالْأَخْلَاقِ

and morals

And this category of hypocrisy is the hypocrisy of deeds and morals.