Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 118

اَلْقَوانِينُ

The laws

اَلِاصْطِلاحِيَّةُ

conventional

وَالتَّقَيُّدُ

and strict adherence

بِها

to them

دَلِيلٌ

is evidence

عَلى

of

اَلْعَجْزِ

helplessness

وَالْجَهْلِ،

and ignorance,

Conventional laws and adherence to them are evidence of helplessness and ignorance.

وَأَمَّا

And as for

مُراعاةُ

observing

اَلْحُسْنِ

the overall beauty

اَلْإِجْمالِيِّ

and

وَالْقَدْرِ

the common measure

اَلْمُشْتَرَكِ

that does not fail

الَّذِي

in any state

لا

of

يَفُوتُ

speech,

فِي

nor

أَيِّ

any

حالٍ

attribute

مِن

of its

أَحْوالِ

attributes,

اَلْكَلامِ،

accompanying

وَلا

speech

أَيِّ

in its gentleness

صِفَةٍ

and severity,

مِن

its lowlands

صِفاتِهِ،

and highlands,

وَيُرافِقُ

without

اَلْكَلامَ

acquaintance

فِي

with conventional

لِينِهِ

rules,

وَشِدَّتِهِ،

and utilizing

وَوَهادَةٍ

customary

وَنِجادِهِ،

controls,

مِن

that is indeed

دُونِ

pure

إِلْمامٍ

inimitability,

بِالقَواعِدِ

surpassing

اَلِاصْطِلاحِيَّةِ،

the limit

وَاسْتِعْمالٍ

of human

لِلضَّوابِطِ

capacity.

اَلْعُرْفِيَّةِ

And there is no doubt

إِنَّما

that God

هُوَ

- His majesty

اَلْإِعْجازُ

be exalted -

بِرَأْسِهِ،

chose this

اَلْخارِجُ

miraculous

عَنْ

method.

And as for observing the overall beauty and the common measure that does not fail in any state of speech, nor any attribute of its attributes, accompanying speech in its gentleness and severity, its lowlands and highlands, without acquaintance with conventional rules, and utilizing customary controls, that is indeed pure inimitability, surpassing the limit of human capacity. And there is no doubt that God - His majesty be exalted - chose this miraculous method.

وَلا

And there is

شَكَّ

no doubt

أَنَّ

that

اَللَّهَ

God

- جَلَّتْ

- exalted

قُدْرَتُهُ -

be His power -

اخْتارَ

chose

هَذِهِ

this

اَلطَّرِيقَةَ

method

اَلْمُعْجِزَةَ.

miraculous.

And there is no doubt that God - exalted be His power - chose this miraculous method.

(اَلَّتِي

(Which

تَكِلُّ

fall short

عَنْ

of comprehending

إدْراكِهِ

it - truly -

- حَقِّهِ -

and ascending

وَالصُّعُودِ

to its peak,

إِلى

all

مُرْتَقاهُ

the powers

قُوى

of mankind

اَلْبَشَرِ

altogether).

أَجْمَعِينَ).

altogether.

(Which all the powers of mankind together fall short of comprehending - truly - and ascending to its peak).

مُراعاةُ

The observance

اَلْقُرْآنِ

of the Noble Quran

اَلْكَرِيمِ

for acoustic

لِلْجاذِبِيَّةِ

attraction

الصَّوْتِيَّةِ

without

دُونَ

poetic

اَلْبُحُورِ

meters:

الشِّعْرِيَّةِ:

poetic meters:

The observance of the Noble Quran for acoustic attraction without poetic meters:

وَمِنْ

And from

هُنا

here

نَسْتَنْبِطُ

we deduce

قاعِدَةً

an important

مُهِمَّةً،

rule,

وَهِيَ

which is

أَنَّ

that

اَللَّهَ

God

- تَبارَكَ

- blessed

وَتَعالى

and exalted

- قَدْ

- has

راعى

observed

فِي

in most

أَكْثَرِ

surahs

سُوَرِ

of His

كِتابِهِ

praised Book

اَلْحَمِيدِ

acoustic

اَلْجاذِبِيَّةَ

attraction,

الصَّوْتِيَّةَ

its extension,

وَامْتِدادَها،

its beauty,

وَجَمالَها

and its effect,

وَتَأْثِيرَها،

not

لا

Al-Tawil

اَلْبَحْرِ

meter,

اَلطَّوِيلِ

Al-Madid

وَالْبَحْرِ

meter,

اَلْمَدِيدِ

or other

أَوْ

poetic

غَيْرِهِما

meters.

مِنَ

from

اَلْبُحُورِ

the poetic

الشِّعْرِيَّةِ.

meters.

And from here we deduce an important rule, which is that God - blessed and exalted - has observed in most surahs of His praised Book acoustic attraction, its extension, its beauty, and its effect, not Al-Tawil meter, Al-Madid meter, or other poetic meters.

[فَواصِلُ

[The endings

اَلْآياتِ

of Quranic

اَلْقُرْآنِيَّةِ:]

verses:]

[The endings of Quranic verses:]

وَاعْتَبِرْ

And consider

فِي

in verse

اَلْفَواصِلِ

endings

انْقِطاعَ

the interruption

اَلنَّفْسِ

of breath

بِالْمُدَّةِ،

by duration,

أَوْ

or

ما

what

تَسْتَقِرُّ

duration

اَلْمُدَّةُ

settles upon,

عَلَيْهِ،

not

لا

the rules

قَواعِدَ

of the science

فَنِّ

of rhyme.

اَلْقافِيَةِ،

And this

وَهَذَا

subject

اَلْمَبْحَثُ

needs

يَحْتاجُ

expansion

إِلى

and detail,

بَسْطٍ

and I suffice

وَتَفْصِيلٍ،

here

وَاجْتُزِئُ

with a small

هُنا

amount.

بِالْقَدْرِ

So let us

اَلْيَسِيرِ

ponder

فَلِنَتَأَمَّلْ

what

فِيما

follows:

يَأْتِي:

follows:

And consider in verse endings the interruption of breath by duration, or what duration settles upon, not the rules of the science of rhyme. And this subject needs expansion and detail, and I suffice here with a small amount. So let us ponder what follows:

اعْتِبارُ

Considering

اَلِامْتِدادِ

acoustic

الصَّوْتِيِّ

extension

هُوَ

is

اَلْوَزْنُ

the meter

فِي

in

اَلْقُرْآنِ

the Noble

اَلْكَرِيمِ:

Quran:

Considering acoustic extension is the meter in the Noble Quran:

إِنَّ

Indeed

دُخُولَ

the entrance

اَلنَّفْسِ

of breath

فِي

into

اَلْحَلْقُومِ

the throat

وَخُرُوجَهُ

and its exit

مِنْهُ

from it

أَمْرٌ

is a natural

طَبِيعِيٌّ

matter

فِي

in

اَلْإِنْسانِ

man

(كَما

(just as

هُوَ

it is

أَمْرٌ

a natural

طَبِيعِيٌّ

matter

فِي

in

كُلِّ

every

حَيَوانٍ)

animal)

وَإِنَّ

and indeed

تَمْدِيدَ

extending

اَلنَّفْسِ

the breath

Indeed the entrance of breath into the throat and its exit from it is a natural matter in man (just as it is a natural matter in every animal) and indeed extending the breath