Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 11

فَكَانُوا

so they were

لِأَجْلِ

for the sake of

ذَلِكَ

that

So for that reason they were

يَرَوْنَ

seeing

مِنَ

from

الضَّرُورَةِ

the necessity

التَّزَلُّفَ

currying favor

seeing it necessary to curry favor

إِلَى

with

أُولَئِكَ

those

الْعِبَادِ

servants

الْمُقَرَّبِينَ

the brought-near

with those brought-near servants

حَتَّى

so that

يَكُونَ

it may be

هَذَا

this

وَسِيلَةً

a means

so that this may be a means

لِصَلَاحِيَّةِ

for the validity of

الْقَبُولِ

acceptance

فِي

in

حَضْرَةِ

the presence of

الْمَلِكِ

the King

الْحَقِيقِيِّ

the True

for the validity of acceptance in the presence of the True King

وَتَنَالَ

and that may be attained

شَفَاعَتُهُمْ

their intercession

فِي

in

حَقِّهِمْ

their regard

and their intercession be attained in their regard

عِنْدَ

at

الْجَزَاءِ

the recompense

عَلَى

for

الْأَعْمَالِ

the deeds

الْحِسَابِ

the reckoning

at the recompense for the deeds and the reckoning

الْخُطْوَةِ

the step

وَالْقَبُولِ

and the acceptance

لَدَيْهِ

with Him

سُبْحَانَهُ

Glory be to Him

the step and acceptance with Him, Glory be to Him.

وَنَظَرًا

and in view of

لِهَذِهِ

this

الْمُلَاحَظَةِ

observation

وَالتَّصَوُّرِ

and the conception

And in view of this observation and conception

الَّذِي

which

رَسَخَ

became firmly rooted

فِي

in

نُفُوسِهِمْ

their souls

which became firmly rooted in their souls

حَدَّثَتْهُمْ

prompted them

أَنْفُسُهُمْ

their selves

بِالسُّجُودِ

to prostrate

أَمَامَهُمْ

before them

their selves prompted them to prostrate before them

وَالذَّبْحِ

and to slaughter

لَهُمْ

for them

وَالْحْلِفِ

and to swear

بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ

by their names

and to slaughter for them, swear by their names

وَالِاسْتِعَانَةِ

and to seek help

بِقُدْرَتِهِمُ

through their power

الْمُطْلَقَةِ

absolute

and seek help through their absolute power

وَنَحْتِ

and to carve

صُوَرِهِمْ

their images

وَتَمَاثِيلِهِمْ

and their statues

and to carve their images and statues

مِنَ

from

الْحَجَرِ

stone

وَالصُّفْرِ

and brass

وَالنُّحَاسِ

and copper

وَغَيْرِ

and other

ذَلِكَ

that

from stone, brass, copper, and other than that

وَجَعْلِهَا

and making them

قِبْلَةً

a direction

لِلتَّوَجُّهِ

for turning

إِلَى

towards

أَرْوَاحِهِمْ

their spirits

and making them a direction for turning towards their spirits.

وَتَدَرَّجَ

and progressed

الْجَهَلَةُ

the ignorant

مِنْ

from

هَذَا

this

الطَّرِيقِ

path

And the ignorant progressed from this path

إِلَى

until

أَنْ

that

بَدَأُوا

they began

يَعْبُدُونَ

worshipping

هَذِهِ

these

الصُّوَرَ

images

وَالتَّمَاثِيلَ

and statues

until they began worshipping these images and statues

وَيَعْتَقِدُونَ

and believing

أَنَّهَا

that they

آلِهَةٌ

are gods

بِذَاتِهَا

in themselves

and believing that they are gods in themselves

وَوَقَعَ

and there occurred

فِي

in

الْمُعْتَقَدَاتِ

the beliefs

خَلْطٌ

confusion

وَالْتِبَاسٌ

and ambiguity

وَفَسَادٌ

and corruption

عَظِيمٌ

great

and there occurred in the beliefs a great confusion, ambiguity, and corruption.

مَعْنَى

The meaning of

التَّشْبِيهِ

anthropomorphism

وَصُوَرِهِ

and its forms

The meaning of anthropomorphism and its forms:

وَالتَّشْبِيهُ

And anthropomorphism

عِبَارَةٌ

is an expression

عَنْ

of

إِثْبَاتِ

affirming

الصِّفَاتِ

the attributes

الْبَشَرِيَّةِ

human

And anthropomorphism is an expression of affirming human attributes

أَوْ

or

أَيُّ

any

صِفَةٍ

attribute

مِنْ

from

صِفَاتِ

attributes of

الْمَخْلُوقِينَ

the created beings

or any attribute of the attributes of created beings

لِلَّهِ

to Allah

تَعَالَى

Most High

to Allah, the Most High.

فَكَانُوا

So they were

يَقُولُونَ

saying

مَثَلًا

for example

So they were saying for example:

إِنَّ

that

الْمَلَائِكَةَ

the angels

بَنَاتُ

daughters of

اللَّهِ

Allah

that the angels are the daughters of Allah

وَأَنَّهُ

and that He

يَقْبَلُ

accepts

شَفَاعَةَ

the intercession of

عِبَادِهِ

His servants

and that He accepts the intercession of His servants

وَلَوْ

even if

لَمْ

not

يَرْضَ

He is pleased

بِهَا

with it

even if He is not pleased with it

كَمَا

just as

يَفْعَلُ

does

الْمُلُوكُ

kings

أَحْيَانًا

sometimes

just as kings sometimes do

مَعَ

with

الْأُمَرَاءِ

the princes

الْكِبَارِ

the great

وَحُكَّامِ

and governors of

الْوِلَايَاتِ

the provinces

with great princes and governors of the provinces.

وَأَنَّهُمْ

And that they

لَمَّا

when

لَمْ

did not

يَسْتَطِيعُوا

they manage

إِدْرَاكَ

to comprehend

السَّمْعِ

the hearing

وَالْبَصَرِ

and the sight

And that they, when they could not comprehend hearing and sight

حَسَبَمَا

according to what

يَلِيقُ

befits

بِشَأْنِ

the status of

الْأُلُوهِيَّةِ

divinity

according to what befits the status of divinity

قَاسُوهُمَا

they analogized them

عَلَى

to

أَسْمَاعِهِمْ

their own hearings

they analogized them to their own hearings.