al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 107

الْأَحْوَالُThe conditionsوَالظُّرُوفُand circumstancesسُورَةٌsurahبَعْدَafterسُورَةٍ،surah,

Conditions and circumstances (were revealed) surah after surah,

وَقَدْAnd indeedكَانَتْwasكُلُّeveryسُورَةٍsurahمِنْfromهَذِهِtheseالسُّورِsurahsفِيinعَهْدِthe eraالنَّبِيِّof the Prophet--صَلَّىmay peaceاللَّهُAllahعَلَيْهِbe upon himوَسَلَّمَand blessings,--مَحْفُوظَةًpreserved,مَضْبُوطَةًmastered,مَكْتُوبَةًwritten,

and every one of these surahs during the era of the Prophet - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - was preserved, mastered, and written,

وَلَكِنَّbutهَذِهِthisالسُّورَةَsurahلَمْdid notتَكُنْbecomeمُدَوَّنَةًrecordedمَجْمُوعَةً.compiled.

but this surah was not recorded and compiled.

[الْقُرْآنُ[The Quranفِيinعَهْدِthe eraأَبِيof AbuبَكْرٍBakrوَعُمَرَand Umarرَضِيَmay Allah be pleasedاللَّهُwith themعَنْهُمَا:]]

[The Quran in the era of Abu Bakr and Umar, may Allah be pleased with them:]

ثُمَّThenدُوِّنَتْwere recordedوَجُمِعَتْand compiledهَذِهِtheseالسُّورُsurahsكُلُّهَاall of themفِيinمُجَلَّدٍone volumeوَاحِدٍsingleبِتَرْتِيبٍin a special arrangementخَاصٍّspecialفِيinعَهْدِthe eraأَبِيof AbuبَكْرٍBakrوَعُمَرَand Umar--رَضِيَmay Allah be pleasedاللَّهُwith themعَنْهُمَاboth--وَسُمِّيَand was namedهَذَاthisالْمَجْمُوعُcollectionبِالْمُصْحَفِ.as the Mushaf.

Then all of these surahs were recorded and compiled into a single volume with a special arrangement during the era of Abu Bakr and Umar - may Allah be pleased with them both - and this collection was named the Mushaf.

تَقْسِيمُThe divisionالسُّورِ:of the surahs:

Division of the Surahs:

وَقَدْAndكَانَتْwereهَذِهِtheseالسُّورُsurahsمَقْسُومَةًdividedعِنْدَamongالصَّحَابَةِthe companions--رَضِيَmay Allah be pleasedاللَّهُwith themعَنْهُمْ---إِلَىintoأَرْبَعَةِfourأَقْسَامٍ:parts:

And these surahs were divided among the companions - may Allah be pleased with them - into four parts:

  • ١1--الْأَوَّلُThe first:السَّبْعُthe sevenالطُِّوَالُ.long ones.
  • 1 - The first: The seven long ones.

  • ٢2--الثَّانِيThe second:الْمِئِينُ،the Al-Mi'in,وَهِيَand they areالسُّورُthe surahsالَّتِيwhichتَشْتَمِلُcompriseكُلُّeachوَاحِدَةٍoneمِنْهَاof themعَلَىuponمِائَةِa hundredآيَةٍverseأَوْorأَكْثَرَmoreقَلِيلًا.slightly.
  • 2 - The second: Al-Mi'in, which are the surahs each of which comprises one hundred verses or slightly more.

  • ٣3--الثَّالِثُ:The third:الْمَثَانِي:Al-Mathani:وَهِيَand it isمَاwhatتَقِلُّis less thanآيَاتُهَاits versesعَنِthanالْمِائَةِ.the hundred.
  • 3 - The third: Al-Mathani: And it is what has fewer than one hundred verses.

  • ٤4--الرَّابِعُ:The fourth:الْمُفَصَّلُ.Al-Mufassal.
  • 4 - The fourth: Al-Mufassal.

    وَقَدْAndأُدْخِلَتْwere enteredسُورَتَانِtwo surahsأَوْorثَلَاثَةٌthreeهِيَwhich areمِنْfromعِدَادِthe countالْمَثَانِيof Al-MathaniفِيintoالْمِئِينِAl-Mi'inنَظَرًاin viewإِلَىofالْمُنَاسَبَةِthe suitabilityفِيinسِيَاقِهَاits contextبِسِيَاقِwith the context ofالْمِئِينِ،Al-Mi'in,وَهَكَذَاand thusجَرَىoccurredبَعْضُsomeالتَّصَرُّفِadjustmentفِيinبَعْضِsomeالْأَقْسَامِother partsالْأُخْرَى.of the parts.

    And two or three surahs that are from the count of Al-Mathani were entered into Al-Mi'in in view of the suitability in their context with the context of Al-Mi'in, and thus some adjustment took place in some of the other parts.