Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 102

حَيْثُ

Where

يَأْمُرُ

he commands

أَصْحَابَهُ

his companions

وَيُنَادِيهِمْ

and calls them

Where he commands his companions and calls them,

أَنْ

that

احْمِلُوا

attack

عَلَى

upon

الْجِهَةِ

the direction

الْفُلَانِيَّةِ

so-and-so

that attack upon the so-and-so direction,

وَتَقَدَّمُوا

and advance

مِنْ

from

الْجِهَةِ

the direction

الْفُلَانِيَّةِ

so-and-so

and advance from the so-and-so direction.

وَجَعَلْنَا
And We have placed
مِنْ
from
بَيْنِ
before
أَيْدِيهِمْ
them
سَدًّا
a barrier

And We have placed before them a barrier

وَمِنْ
and from
خَلْفِهِمْ
behind them
سَدًّا
a barrier

and from behind them a barrier,

جَعَلْنَا
We have placed
فِي
in
أَعْنَاقِهِمْ
their necks
أَغْلَالًا
shackles

We have placed shackles in their necks.

فَقَدْ

Thus

شَبَّهَ

he compared

هُنَا

here

إِعْرَاضَهُمْ

their turning away

عَنْ

from

تَدَبُّرِ

pondering

Thus he compared here their turning away from pondering

آيَاتِ

the verses of

اللَّهِ

Allah

عَزَّ

the Mighty

وَجَلَّ

and Majestic

the verses of Allah - the Mighty and Majestic -

بِشَخْصٍ

to a person

طُوِّقَ

who was collared with

الْأَغْلَالَ

the shackles

to a person collared with shackles,

أَوْ

or

أُقِيمَتْ

were erected

فِي

in

كُلِّ

every

جِهَةٍ

direction

or in every direction of his directions

مِنْ

of

جِهَاتِهِ

his directions

السُّدُودُ

the barriers

the barriers were erected

فَلَمْ

so he is

يَعُدْ

no longer

قَادِرًا

able

أَصْلًا

at all

عَلَى

to

الرُّؤْيَةِ

see

وَالنَّظَرِ

and look

so he is no longer able at all to see and look.

وَاضْمُمْ
And draw
إِلَيْكَ
to yourself
جَنَاحَكَ
your arm
مِنَ
out of
الرَّهْبِ
fear

And draw to yourself your arm out of fear.

أَيْ

That is

اجْمَعْ

collect

خَاطِرَكَ

your mind

That is, collect your mind,

وَدَعْ

and leave

اضْطِرَابَ

the turbulence of

الْخَوَاطِرِ

thoughts

وَقَلَقَ

and anxiety of

الْبَالِ

the heart

and leave the turbulence of thoughts and anxiety of the heart.

الْبَيَانُ

The expression

بِالْإِشَارَةِ

by indication

الْحِسِّيَّةِ

sensory

[The Expression by Sensory Indication:]

وَنَظِيرُ

And similar to

ذَلِكَ

that

مَا

is what

يُعْرَفُ

is known

فِي

in

مُخَاطَبَاتِ

addresses of

النَّاسِ

people

And similar to that is what is known in people's discourse

أَنَّ

that

أَحَدَهُمْ

one of them

إِذَا

when

أَرَادَ

he wants

تَصْوِيرَ

to portray

that when one of them wants to portray

شَجَاعَةَ

the bravery of

شَخْصٍ

a person

مِنَ

among

الْأَشْخَاصِ

the people

the bravery of a person among the people,

فَإِنَّهُ

then he

يُشِيرُ

points

إِلَى

to

السَّيْفِ

the sword

then he points to the sword

وَأَنَّهُ

and that

يَضْرِبُ

he strikes

بِهَا

with it

هَكَذَا

like this

وَهَكَذَا

and like that

and that he strikes with it like this and like that,

يُخَطِّرُ

waving

بِيَدِهِ

with his hand

waving with his hand,

وَلَيْسَ

and not

الْغَرَضُ

the purpose

مِنْ

of

هَذَا

this

التَّصْوِيرِ

portrayal

and the purpose of this portrayal is not

إِلَّا

except

ذِكْرُ

mentioning

أَنَّهُ

that he

يَفُوقُ

surpasses

جَمِيعَ

all

النَّاسِ

people

except mentioning that he surpasses all people

فِي

in

صِفَةِ

the attribute of

الشَّجَاعَةِ

bravery

in the attribute of bravery,

وَلَوْ

even if

لَمْ

not

يَكُنْ

he was

قَدْ

ever

أَخَذَ

taken

السَّيْفَ

the sword

even if he had never taken

بِيَدِهِ

in his hand

مَرَّةً

once

فِي

in

حَيَاتِهِ

his life

in his hand once in his life.

أَوْ

Or

يَقُولُ

he says

فُلَانٌ

so-and-so

Or so-and-so says,

يَتَحَدَّى

challenges

الْعَالَامَ

the world

وَيَقُولُ

and says

"He challenges the world and says,

أَنَا

I

لَا

do not

أَرَى

see

عَلَى

on

الْأَرْضِ

the earth

أَحَدًا

anyone

I do not see on the earth anyone

يَسْتَطِيعُ

who is able

أَنْ

to

يُبَارِزَنِي

duel me

who is able to duel me,"

أَوْ

or

أَنَّ

that

فُلَانًا

so-and-so

يَفْعَلُ

does

كَذَا

such and such

وَكَذَا

and such

or that so-and-so does such and such,

وَيُشِيرُ

and he points

إِلَى

to

الْهَيْئَةِ

the posture

الَّتِي

which

and he points to the posture which

تَكُونُ

is

لِلْمُبَارِزِينَ

for the duelists

عِنْدَ

at

الْمُغَالَبَةِ

overcoming

وَالتَّمَكُّنِ

and mastery

مِنْ

of

is for the duelists at the time of overcoming and mastery of