Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 101
  • أَوْ
  • or
  • لِاجْتِمَاعِ
  • for the meeting of
  • الْعَطْفِ
  • conjunction
  • عَلَى
  • upon
  • الْقَرِيبِ
  • the near
  • وَالْبَعِيدِ،
  • and the far,

    Or for the convergence of conjunction upon the near and the far,

  • مِثْلِ
  • like
  • قَوْلِهِ
  • His saying
  • تَعَالَى:
  • Exalted is He:

    like His saying - Exalted is He -:

  • وَامْسَحُوا
  • "And wipe
  • بِرُءُوسِكُمْ
  • your heads
  • وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ
  • and your feet"
  • فِي
  • in
  • قِرَاءَةِ
  • the reading of
  • الْكَسْرِ.
  • the kasrah.

    {"And wipe your heads and your feet" in the reading of the kasrah.

  • أَوْ
  • Or
  • لِاحْتِمَالِ
  • for the possibility of
  • الْعَطْفِ
  • conjunction
  • وَالِاسْتِئْنَافِ،
  • and resumption,

    Or for the possibility of conjunction and resumption,

  • كَمَا
  • as
  • فِي
  • in
  • قَوْلِهِ
  • His saying
  • تَعَالَى:
  • Exalted is He:

    as in His saying - Exalted is He -:

  • وَمَا
  • "And not
  • يَعْلَمُ
  • knows
  • تَأْوِيلَهُ
  • its interpretation
  • إِلَّا
  • except
  • اللَّهُ
  • Allah
  • وَالرَّاسِخُونَ
  • and those firmly rooted
  • فِي
  • in
  • الْعِلْمِ
  • knowledge
  • يَقُولُونَ
  • say"
  • الْآيَةَ.
  • the verse.

    {"And no one knows its interpretation except Allah and those firmly rooted in knowledge say" the verse.

    [تَعْرِيفُ

    [Definition of

    الْكِنَايَةِ

    metonymy

    وَأَمْثِلَتُهَا:]

    and its examples:]

    [Definition of Metonymy and its Examples:]

    وَالْكِنَايَةُ

    And metonymy

    هِيَ

    is

    أَنْ

    that

    يُثْبِتَ

    affirms

    الْمُتَكَلِّمُ

    the speaker

    أَمْراً

    a matter

    وَلَا

    and does not

    يَقْصِدُ

    intend

    ثُبُوتَ

    the establishment of

    ذَلِكَ

    that

    الْأَمْرِ

    matter

    بِعَيْنِهِ،

    itself,

    Metonymy is when the speaker affirms a matter without intending the establishment of that matter itself,

    بَلِ

    rather

    الْقَصْدُ

    the intention is

    أَنْ

    that

    يَنْتَقِلَ

    transfer

    ذِهْنُ

    the mind of

    الْمُخَاطَبِ

    the addressee

    إِلَى

    to

    لَازِمِ

    the concomitant of

    مَعْنَاهُ

    its meaning

    سَوَاءٌ

    whether

    كَانَ

    it is

    لُزُوماً

    concomitance

    عَادِيّاً

    habitual

    أَوْ

    or

    عَقْلِيّاً،

    rational,

    rather, the intention is that the mind of the addressee transfers to the concomitant of its meaning, whether it is a habitual or rational concomitance,

    مِثْلُ

    like

    قَوْلِهِمْ:

    their saying:

    "عَظِيمُ

    "Great

    الرَّمَادِ"

    of ashes"

    يُرَادُ

    it is intended

    بِهِ

    by it

    مَعْنَى

    the meaning of

    الْجَوَادِ

    generosity

    وَالسَّخَاءِ.

    and munificence.

    like their saying: "Great of ashes," by which the meaning of generosity and munificence is intended.

    تَصْوِيرُ

    Portraying

    الْمَعْنَى

    the meaning

    الْمُرَادِ

    desired

    بِالصُّورَةِ

    with the image

    الْمَحْسُوسَةِ:

    sensory:

    Portraying the Desired Meaning with a Sensory Image:

    وَتَصْوِيرُ

    And portraying

    الْمَعْنَى

    the meaning

    الْمُرَادِ

    desired

    بِالصُّورَةِ

    with the image

    الْمَحْسُوسَةِ

    sensory

    أَيْضاً

    also

    مِنْ

    is from

    هَذَا

    this

    الْقَبِيلِ،

    category,

    And portraying the desired meaning with a sensory image is also from this category,

    وَهُوَ

    and it is

    بَابٌ

    a chapter

    وَاسِعٌ

    vast

    فِي

    in

    شِعْرِ

    the poetry of

    الْعَرَبِ

    the Arabs

    وَخُطَبِهِمْ،

    and their speeches,

    and it is a vast field in Arab poetry and their speeches,

    وَيَزْخَرُ

    and abounds

    بِأَمْثِلَتِهِ

    with its examples

    الْقُرْآنُ

    the Quran

    الْعَظِيمُ

    the Magnificent

    وَالسُّنَّةُ

    and the Sunnah

    النَّبَوِيَّةُ

    Prophetic

    الْمُطَهَّرَةُ،

    the Purified,

    and it abounds with its examples in the Magnificent Quran and the Purified Prophetic Sunnah,

    وَمِنْ

    and from

    أَمْثِلَتِهِ

    its examples

    قَوْلُهُ

    is His saying

    تَعَالَى:

    Exalted is He:

    and among its examples is His saying - Exalted is He -:

    وَأَجْلِبْ
    "And incite
    عَلَيْهِمْ
    against them
    بِخَيْلِكَ
    with your cavalry
    وَرَجِلِكَ"
    and your infantry"

    {"And incite against them with your cavalry and your infantry"}

    فَجَاءَ

    so came

    التَّشْبِيهُ

    the simile

    لِلشَّيْطَانِ

    for Satan

    هُنَا

    here

    بِمُقَدِّمِ

    as the leader of

    قُطَّاعِ

    cutters of

    الطُّرُقِ

    the roads

    وَرَئِيسِهِمْ

    and their chief.

    thus the simile for Satan here came as the leader of highway robbers and their chief.